Abstract
Mesenteric fat hypertrophy is a common feature of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), especially Crohn´s disease. Although this “creeping fat” has been observed in the early days of this disease, its biological relevance is not understood. This adipose tissue has been recognized to release large amounts of various cytokines such as TNFa and adipocytokines such as adiponectin or leptin. Whereas leptin is definitely a pro-inflammatory adipocytokine, the role of the prototypic anti-inflammatory adipocytokine, namely adiponectin, in intestinal inflammation is less clear. Some experimental studies suggest that it could exert also pro-inflammatory activities in the gut. An important role for metabolic aspects and potentially adipocytokines has also come from recent studies demonstrating that ATG16L1- deficient mice show a strikingly enhanced expression of both adiponectin and leptin in epithelial cells. Autophagy not only plays a key role in intestinal inflammation, but is also involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism. Another recently identified pathway in IBD, namely endoplasmic stress/XBP1, regulates fatty acid synthesis and facilitates adipogenesis and adipocyte differentiataion. Therefore, XBP1 could possibly link intestinal inflammation with the development of “creeping fat” in Crohn’s disease. Metabolic aspects have evolved as of key importance in experimental colitis and human IBD, and certain adipocytokines, autophagy, and ER stress might reflect the central players.
Keywords: Adipocytokines, adiponectin, leptin, autophagy, XBP1, supported by the Christian Doppler Research Society, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, C-C chemokine ligand
Current Drug Delivery
Title:“Metabolic Aspects” In Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Volume: 9 Issue: 4
Author(s): Arthur Kaser and Herbert Tilg
Affiliation:
Keywords: Adipocytokines, adiponectin, leptin, autophagy, XBP1, supported by the Christian Doppler Research Society, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, C-C chemokine ligand
Abstract: Mesenteric fat hypertrophy is a common feature of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), especially Crohn´s disease. Although this “creeping fat” has been observed in the early days of this disease, its biological relevance is not understood. This adipose tissue has been recognized to release large amounts of various cytokines such as TNFa and adipocytokines such as adiponectin or leptin. Whereas leptin is definitely a pro-inflammatory adipocytokine, the role of the prototypic anti-inflammatory adipocytokine, namely adiponectin, in intestinal inflammation is less clear. Some experimental studies suggest that it could exert also pro-inflammatory activities in the gut. An important role for metabolic aspects and potentially adipocytokines has also come from recent studies demonstrating that ATG16L1- deficient mice show a strikingly enhanced expression of both adiponectin and leptin in epithelial cells. Autophagy not only plays a key role in intestinal inflammation, but is also involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism. Another recently identified pathway in IBD, namely endoplasmic stress/XBP1, regulates fatty acid synthesis and facilitates adipogenesis and adipocyte differentiataion. Therefore, XBP1 could possibly link intestinal inflammation with the development of “creeping fat” in Crohn’s disease. Metabolic aspects have evolved as of key importance in experimental colitis and human IBD, and certain adipocytokines, autophagy, and ER stress might reflect the central players.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Kaser Arthur and Tilg Herbert, “Metabolic Aspects” In Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Current Drug Delivery 2012; 9 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156720112801323044
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156720112801323044 |
Print ISSN 1567-2018 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5704 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances of natural products, bio-actives and novel drug delivery system against emerging viral infections
Due to the increasing prevalence of viral infections and the ability of these human pathogens to develop resistance to current treatment strategies, there is a great need to find and develop new compounds to combat them. These molecules must have low toxicity, specific activity and high bioavailability. The most suitable ...read more
Electrospun Fibers as Drug Delivery Systems
In recent years, electrospun fibers have attracted considerable attention as potential platforms for drug delivery due to their distinctive properties and adaptability. These fibers feature a notable surface area-to-volume ratio and can be intentionally designed with high porosity, facilitating an increased capacity for drug loading and rendering them suitable for ...read more
Emerging Nanotherapeutics for Mitigation of Neurodegenerative Disorders
Conditions affecting the central nervous system (CNS) present a significant hurdle due to limited access of both treatments and diagnostic tools for the brain. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) acts as a barrier, restricting the passage of molecules from the bloodstream into the brain. The most formidable challenge facing scientists is ...read more
Nanotechnology Based Chemotherapy for the treatment of Head & Neck Cancer
The escalating recurrence rates observed in Head and Neck cancer, particularly within the chemo-therapeutically treated cohort (50-60%), can be attributed to the non-selective nature of current anticancer drug delivery modalities. In this context, nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems emerge as a promising avenue for achieving precise localization of therapeutic agents to ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Activation of the Liver X Receptor Inhibits Th17 and Th1 Responses in Behcet`s Disease and Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease
Current Molecular Medicine Diabetic Theory in Anti-Alzheimer’s Drug Research and Development. Part 2: Therapeutic Potential of cAMP-Specific Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors
Current Medicinal Chemistry JAK3 Inhibitors in Organ Transplantation and Autoimmune Disease
Recent Patents on Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors: New Promise in the Treatment of Immune and Inflammatory Diseases
Current Drug Targets Mast Cells and Basophils: Trojan Horses of Conventional Lin- Stem/Progenitor Cell Isolates
Current Pharmaceutical Design Fatty Acids and Antioxidants in Multiple Sclerosis: Therapeutic Role of GEMSP
Current Pharmaceutical Design Proteins in Microglial Activation - Inputs and Outputs by Subsets
Current Protein & Peptide Science Role of Adenosine Receptors in Rare Neurodegenerative Diseases with Motor Symptoms
Current Protein & Peptide Science Role of Inflammatory Cells and Toll-Like Receptors in Atherosclerosis
Current Vascular Pharmacology Interferon-γ-Induced Neurotoxicity of Human Astrocytes
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Lipids at the Cross-road of Autoimmunity in Multiple Sclerosis
Current Medicinal Chemistry The Mechanism of Memory Impairment Induced by Aβ Chronic Administration Involves Imbalance between Cytokines and Neurotrophins in the Rat Hippocampus
Current Alzheimer Research An Update on JAK Inhibitors
Current Medicinal Chemistry Cytokines as Regulators of Atherosclerosis in Murine Models
Current Drug Targets <i>Nigella sativa</i> L., Supplementary Plant with Anticholinesterase Effect for Cognition Problems: A Kinetic Study
Current Aging Science Targeting ADAM12 in Human Disease: Head, Body or Tail?
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Anti-inflammatory Potential of Selected Plant-derived Compounds in Respiratory Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design Polymer-Based Drug Delivery Systems, Development and Pre-Clinical Status
Current Pharmaceutical Design Melatonin as a Therapeutic Resource for Inflammatory Visual Diseases
Current Neuropharmacology Cosignaling Complexity Gets More Convoluted: The Emerging Importance of the B7-Like Butyrophilin Family of Immune Regulators
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued)