Abstract
Brain injury is the leading cause of death in pediatric ICU. Current evidence supports the use of therapeutic hypothermia (TH) in unconscious patients after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest when the initial heart rhythm was ventricular fibrillation. TH has been proved to be also beneficial in term neonates after hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and in children with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Recent reports have also investigated TH for the treatment of superrefractory status epilepticus. The clinical application of TH is based on the possibility to inhibit or lessen a myriad of destructive processes (including excitotoxicty, neuroinflammation, apoptosis, free radical production, seizure activity, blood– brain barrier disruption, blood vessel leakage) that take place in the injured tissue following ischemia–reperfusion. TH may also represent a useful tool when conventional therapy fails to achieve an effective control of elevated intracranial pressure. This review is aimed to provide an update of the available literature concerning this intriguing topic.
Keywords: Asphyxia, brain injury, cardiac arrest, child, epilepsy, hypothermia, neonate, ventricular fibrillation, superrefractory status epilepticus, intracranial pressure
Current Drug Targets
Title:Neuroprotection and Hypothermia in Infants and Children
Volume: 13 Issue: 7
Author(s): Domenico Pietrini, Marco Piastra, Ersilia Luca, Aaldo Mancino, Giorgio Conti, Franco Cavaliere and Daniele De Luca
Affiliation:
Keywords: Asphyxia, brain injury, cardiac arrest, child, epilepsy, hypothermia, neonate, ventricular fibrillation, superrefractory status epilepticus, intracranial pressure
Abstract: Brain injury is the leading cause of death in pediatric ICU. Current evidence supports the use of therapeutic hypothermia (TH) in unconscious patients after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest when the initial heart rhythm was ventricular fibrillation. TH has been proved to be also beneficial in term neonates after hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and in children with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Recent reports have also investigated TH for the treatment of superrefractory status epilepticus. The clinical application of TH is based on the possibility to inhibit or lessen a myriad of destructive processes (including excitotoxicty, neuroinflammation, apoptosis, free radical production, seizure activity, blood– brain barrier disruption, blood vessel leakage) that take place in the injured tissue following ischemia–reperfusion. TH may also represent a useful tool when conventional therapy fails to achieve an effective control of elevated intracranial pressure. This review is aimed to provide an update of the available literature concerning this intriguing topic.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Pietrini Domenico, Piastra Marco, Luca Ersilia, Mancino Aaldo, Conti Giorgio, Cavaliere Franco and De Luca Daniele, Neuroprotection and Hypothermia in Infants and Children, Current Drug Targets 2012; 13 (7) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138945012800675641
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138945012800675641 |
Print ISSN 1389-4501 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-5592 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
New drug therapy for eye diseases
Eyesight is one of the most critical senses, accounting for over 80% of our perceptions. Our quality of life might be significantly affected by eye disease, including glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, dry eye, etc. Although the development of microinvasive ocular surgery reduces surgical complications and improves overall outcomes, medication therapy is ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Food-derived Bioactive Peptides - Opportunities for Designing Future Foods
Current Pharmaceutical Design Imidazoline Receptors, Novel Agents and Therapeutic Potential
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Is Bilirubin a Marker of Vascular Disease and/or Cancer and is it a Potential Therapeutic Target?
Current Pharmaceutical Design A Pilot Study to Assess Adenosine 5’-triphosphate Metabolism in Red Blood Cells as a Drug Target for Potential Cardiovascular Protection
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets Inflammatory Mediators and the Failing Heart: A Translational Approach
Current Molecular Medicine The Renin-Angiotensin System: Emerging Concepts
Current Hypertension Reviews Targeting the Noradrenergic System in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prazosin Trials
Current Drug Targets Pediatric Abdominal Trauma
Current Pediatric Reviews Torasemide in Hypertension and Heart Failure: Re-inventing Loop Diuretic Therapy?
Current Pharmaceutical Design Renal Function Impairment in Patients Undergoing Elective EVAR vs. Elective Open Repair During Follow up Period: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Current Vascular Pharmacology Interaction Between Bone and Muscle in Older Persons with Mobility Limitations
Current Pharmaceutical Design Contrast Medium Induced Nephropathy: New Insights into Prevention and Risk Management
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Cytokine Therapy for Cancer
Current Pharmaceutical Design Review of Ocular Drug Delivery
Current Drug Delivery New 1,3-oxazolylphosphonium Salts as Potential Biocides: QSAR Study, Synthesis, Antibacterial Activity and Toxicity Evaluation
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery Phytochemicals as Adjunctive with Conventional Anticancer Therapies
Current Pharmaceutical Design Therapeutic Angiogenesis in Ischemic Heart Disease: Gene or Recombinant Vascular Growth Factor Protein Therapy?
Current Gene Therapy Peptides in Oral Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design Hydrogen Sulfide: A New Tool to Design and Develop Drugs
Clinical Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Drugs (Discontinued) The High Potency of Polymeric Nanoparticles in the Drug Delivery System for Hypertension Treatment: A Systematic Review
Current Hypertension Reviews