Abstract
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus has reached epidemic proportions and continues to grow in nations throughout the world. This disease is typically accompanied by other related conditions that each pose a hazard to the health of these patients and exacerbate the risk associated with diabetes for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Despite guideline recommendations for assessment and treatment of all of these related conditions, many patients do not achieve treatment goals. In this article, an archetypal case study is presented based on patient characteristics and conditions typically encountered in the clinic. After sustaining a myocardial infarction, the patient undergoes comprehensive evaluation and is noted to have multiple poorly controlled risk factors for cardiovascular disease and nephropathy. A multidisciplinary approach is advocated, not only to address blood glucose levels, but also to treat risk factors and comorbid conditions commonly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (adverse lifestyle behaviors, obesity, hypertension, albuminuria, and dyslipidemia) and complications resulting from this disease (secondary cardiovascular events, as well as nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy). This comprehensive approach helps to maximize both the likelihood of reaching treatment targets for blood glucose, blood pressure, and serum lipids, and reducing the long-term risk of diabetes-related morbidity and mortality.
Keywords: Cardiovascular disease, Co-morbidities, Microvascular, Macrovascular, Kidney disease, Risk factors, Treatment, Type 2 diabetes
Current Diabetes Reviews
Title:Effective Management of the Type 2 Diabetes Patient with Cardiovascular and Renal Disease: Secondary Prevention Strategies after a Myocardial Infarction
Volume: 8 Issue: 3
Author(s): Peter P. Toth
Affiliation:
Keywords: Cardiovascular disease, Co-morbidities, Microvascular, Macrovascular, Kidney disease, Risk factors, Treatment, Type 2 diabetes
Abstract: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus has reached epidemic proportions and continues to grow in nations throughout the world. This disease is typically accompanied by other related conditions that each pose a hazard to the health of these patients and exacerbate the risk associated with diabetes for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Despite guideline recommendations for assessment and treatment of all of these related conditions, many patients do not achieve treatment goals. In this article, an archetypal case study is presented based on patient characteristics and conditions typically encountered in the clinic. After sustaining a myocardial infarction, the patient undergoes comprehensive evaluation and is noted to have multiple poorly controlled risk factors for cardiovascular disease and nephropathy. A multidisciplinary approach is advocated, not only to address blood glucose levels, but also to treat risk factors and comorbid conditions commonly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (adverse lifestyle behaviors, obesity, hypertension, albuminuria, and dyslipidemia) and complications resulting from this disease (secondary cardiovascular events, as well as nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy). This comprehensive approach helps to maximize both the likelihood of reaching treatment targets for blood glucose, blood pressure, and serum lipids, and reducing the long-term risk of diabetes-related morbidity and mortality.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
P. Toth Peter, Effective Management of the Type 2 Diabetes Patient with Cardiovascular and Renal Disease: Secondary Prevention Strategies after a Myocardial Infarction, Current Diabetes Reviews 2012; 8 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157339912800564043
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157339912800564043 |
Print ISSN 1573-3998 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6417 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advancing Diabetic Wound Healing: Mechanisms and Interventions
In recent years, diabetic wounds have become a global health concern with the increase in the incidence of diabetes. Diabetic wounds are a kind of chronic and refractory ulcer. It is generally due to the microcirculatory disturbances and the reduced levels of endogenous growth factors. Delayed cutaneous wound healing is ...read more
Oxidative and inflammatory responses in the development of secondary diabetic complications
Diabetes, along with its associated secondary complications, represents a significant global health challenge, contributing significantly to morbidity and mortality. Unhealthy lifestyle habits, reduced physical activity, environmental pollutants, and stress are pivotal factors in the onset of diabetes, particularly type-2 diabetes. Poorly managed hyperglycemia can lead to various complications, including neuropathy, ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Pleiotropic Effects of Statins - Clinical Evidence
Current Pharmaceutical Design Clinical Presentations and Diagnosis of Brucellosis
Recent Patents on Anti-Infective Drug Discovery Antioxidant Activity of Two Wild Edible Mushrooms (Morchella vulgaris and Morchella esculanta) from North Turkey
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening Association of Soluble Adhesion Molecule and C-Reactive Protein Levels with Silent Brain Infarction in Patients with and Without Type 2 Diabetes
Current Neurovascular Research Management of the Menopausal Disturbances and Oxidative Stress
Current Pharmaceutical Design Targeting IL-17 and IL-23 in Immune Mediated Renal Disease
Current Medicinal Chemistry Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Metabolic Complications, & the Natural Course of CKD in Children
Current Hypertension Reviews Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors as a Therapeutic Target in Inflammatory Diseases
Current Medicinal Chemistry Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists in Cardiovascular Medicine: Looking for the Forest Among the Trees
Current Pharmaceutical Design Inflammation Fueling Atrial Fibrillation Substrate: Seeking Ways to "Cool" the Heart
Medicinal Chemistry Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Thiazol-2yl-amine Derivatives as Potential Anticancer Agents
Letters in Organic Chemistry Molecular Basis of Inflammation and Insulin Resistance in Obesity
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued) Nanoparticulated Nitric Oxide Donors and their Biomedical Applications
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Treatment Strategies Against Diabetic Foot Ulcer: Success so Far and the Road Ahead
Current Diabetes Reviews Podocytes as a Target of Prorenin in Diabetes
Current Diabetes Reviews Stability in Cognitive Function Over 18 Years: Prevalence and Predictors among Older Mexican Americans
Current Alzheimer Research Factors Influencing Outcome of Patients Receiving Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Failure
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews Polyphenols from Red Wine Modulate Immune Responsiveness: Biological and Clinical Significance
Current Pharmaceutical Design Smoking and Atherosclerosis: Mechanisms of Disease and New Therapeutic Approaches
Current Medicinal Chemistry Pleiotropic Beneficial Effects of Epigallocatechin Gallate, Quercetin and Delphinidin on Cardiovascular Diseases Associated with Endothelial Dysfunction
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry