Abstract
Two striking features of human embryonic stem cells that support biological activity are an abbreviated cell cycle and reduced complexity to nuclear organization. The potential implications for rapid proliferation of human embryonic stem cells within the context of sustaining pluripotency, suppressing phenotypic gene expression and linkage to simplicity in the architectural compartmentalization of regulatory machinery in nuclear microenvironments is explored. Characterization of the molecular and architectural commitment steps that license human embryonic stem cells to initiate histone gene expression is providing understanding of the principal regulatory mechanisms that control the G1/S phase transition in primitive pluripotent cells. From both fundamental regulatory and clinical perspectives, further understanding of the pluripotent cell cycle in relation to compartmentalization of regulatory machinery in nuclear microenvironments is relevant to applications of stem cells for regenerative medicine and new dimensions to therapy where traditional drug discovery strategies have been minimally effective.
Keywords: Human embryonic stem cells, reprogrammed pluripotent cells, histone gene expression, nuclear organization, chromatin structure, microenvironments, G1/S phase transition, mitosis, Histone Locus Bodies (HLBs), Endocrinology
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:The Architectural Organization of Human Stem Cell Cycle Regulatory Machinery
Volume: 18 Issue: 13
Author(s): Gary S. Stein, Janet L. Stein, Andre van J. Wijnen, Jane B. Lian, Martin Montecino, Ricardo Medina, Kristie Kapinas, Prachi Ghule, Rodrigo Grandy, Sayyed K. Zaidi, Klaus A. Becker
Affiliation:
Keywords: Human embryonic stem cells, reprogrammed pluripotent cells, histone gene expression, nuclear organization, chromatin structure, microenvironments, G1/S phase transition, mitosis, Histone Locus Bodies (HLBs), Endocrinology
Abstract: Two striking features of human embryonic stem cells that support biological activity are an abbreviated cell cycle and reduced complexity to nuclear organization. The potential implications for rapid proliferation of human embryonic stem cells within the context of sustaining pluripotency, suppressing phenotypic gene expression and linkage to simplicity in the architectural compartmentalization of regulatory machinery in nuclear microenvironments is explored. Characterization of the molecular and architectural commitment steps that license human embryonic stem cells to initiate histone gene expression is providing understanding of the principal regulatory mechanisms that control the G1/S phase transition in primitive pluripotent cells. From both fundamental regulatory and clinical perspectives, further understanding of the pluripotent cell cycle in relation to compartmentalization of regulatory machinery in nuclear microenvironments is relevant to applications of stem cells for regenerative medicine and new dimensions to therapy where traditional drug discovery strategies have been minimally effective.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Medina, Kristie Kapinas, Prachi Ghule, Rodrigo Grandy, Sayyed K. Zaidi, Klaus A. Becker Gary S. Stein, Janet L. Stein, Andre van J. Wijnen, Jane B. Lian, Martin Montecino, Ricardo, The Architectural Organization of Human Stem Cell Cycle Regulatory Machinery , Current Pharmaceutical Design 2012; 18 (13) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161212799859639
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161212799859639 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
L1 Retrotransposon and Retinoblastoma: Molecular Linkages Between Epigenetics and Cancer
Current Molecular Medicine Molecularly Guided Therapy of Neuroblastoma: A Review of Different Approaches
Current Pharmaceutical Design Post-menopausal Osteoporosis and Probiotics
Current Drug Targets Meet Our Editorial Board Member
Current Nanomedicine YB-1 Activities in Oncogenesis: Transcription and Translation
Current Cancer Therapy Reviews Zoledronic Acid: Pleiotropic Anti-Tumor Mechanism and Therapeutic Outlook for Osteosarcoma
Current Drug Targets Resveratrol in Medicinal Chemistry: A Critical Review of its Pharmacokinetics, Drug-Delivery, and Membrane Interactions
Current Medicinal Chemistry Counteracting PINK/Parkin Deficiency in the Activation of Mitophagy: A Potential Therapeutic Intervention for Parkinson’s Disease
Current Neuropharmacology Advancements in the Treatment and Repair of Tendon Injuries
Current Tissue Engineering (Discontinued) Heat Shock Proteins as Prognostic Markers of Cancer
Current Cancer Drug Targets Impact of Epigenetic Dietary Components on Cancer through Histone Modifications
Current Medicinal Chemistry Commercial Availability of Alpha-Emitting Radionuclides for Medicine
Current Radiopharmaceuticals Function Analysis of Human Protein Interactions Based on a Novel Minimal Loop Algorithm
Current Bioinformatics The Role of the Complex USP1/WDR48 in Differentiation and Proliferation Processes in Cancer Stem Cells
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy Recent Progress in the Discovery of Novel Glucocorticoid Receptor Modulators
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Aerosol Delivery in the Treatment of Lung Cancer
Current Cancer Drug Targets Metastasis-Associated Protein S100A4: Spotlight on its Role in Cell Migration
Current Cancer Drug Targets Applied Proteomics in Companion Animal Medicine
Current Proteomics Non-Primate EIAV-Based Lentiviral Vectors as Gene Delivery System for Motor Neuron Diseases
Current Gene Therapy Improved Drug Delivery System for Cancer Treatment by D-Glucose Conjugation with Eugenol From Natural Product
Current Drug Delivery