Review of Synthesis, Assay, and Prediction of β and γ-secretase Inhibitors

Helena      Nino; Jose      Enrique Rodriguez-Borges; Xerardo      Garcia-Mera; Francisco      Prado-Prado

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterize with several pathologies this disease, amyloid plaques, composed of the β-amyloid peptide and γ-amyloid peptide are hallmark neuropathological lesions in Alzheimer's disease brain. Indeed, a wealth of evidence suggests that β-amyloid is central to the pathophysiology of AD and is likely to play an early role in this intractable neurodegenerative disorder. AD is the most prevalent form of dementia, and current indications show that twenty-nine million people live with AD worldwide, a figure expected rise exponentially over the coming decades. Clearly, blocking disease progression or, in the best-case scenario, preventing AD altogether would be of benefit in both social and economic terms. However, current AD therapies are merely palliative and only temporarily slow cognitive decline, and treatments that address the underlying pathologic mechanisms of AD are completely lacking. While familial AD (FAD) is caused by autosomal dominant mutations in either amyloid precursor protein (APP) or the presenilin (PS1, PS2) genes. First, we revised Desing, synthesis, and Biological assay of β and γ-secretase inhibitors. Next, we review 2D QSAR, 3D QSAR, CoMFA, CoMSIA and Docking with different compound to find out the structural requirements. Next, we revised QSAR studies using method of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) in order to understand the essential structural requirement for binding with receptor for β and γ-secretase inhibitors.

Keywords: QSAR, CoMSIA, COMFA, Docking, β-secretase inhibitors, γ-secetase inhibitors, Alzheimer's disease (AD)

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