Abstract
During the last decade, a multitude of experimental evidence has accumulated showing that low-dose radiation therapy (single dose 0.5-1 Gy) functionally modulates a variety of inflammatory processes and cellular compounds including endothelial (EC), mononuclear (PBMC) and polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells, respectively. These modulations comprise a hampered leukocyte adhesion to EC, induction of apoptosis, a reduced activity of the inducible nitric oxide synthase, and a lowered oxidative burst in macrophages. Moreover, irradiation with a single dose between 0.5-0.7 Gy has been shown to induce the expression of X-chromosome linked inhibitor of apoptosis and transforming growth factor beta 1, to reduce the expression of E-selectin and L-selectin from EC and PBMC, and to hamper secretion of Interleukin-1, or chemokine CCL20 from macrophages and PMN. Notably, a common feature of most of these responses is that they display discontinuous or biphasic dose dependencies, shared with "non-targeted" effects of low-dose irradiation exposure like the bystander response and hyper-radiosensitivity. Thus, the purpose of the present review is to discuss recent developments in the understanding of low-dose irradiation immune modulating properties with special emphasis on discontinuous dose response relationships.
Keywords: Biphasic dose response, discontinuous dose dependency, immune modulation, inflammation, ionizing radiation, low-dose radiation therapy
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Modulation of Inflammatory Immune Reactions by Low-Dose Ionizing Radiation: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Application
Volume: 19 Issue: 12
Author(s): F. Rodel, B. Frey, U. Gaipl, L. Keilholz, C. Fournier, K. Manda, H. Schollnberger, G. Hildebrandt and C. Rodel
Affiliation:
Keywords: Biphasic dose response, discontinuous dose dependency, immune modulation, inflammation, ionizing radiation, low-dose radiation therapy
Abstract: During the last decade, a multitude of experimental evidence has accumulated showing that low-dose radiation therapy (single dose 0.5-1 Gy) functionally modulates a variety of inflammatory processes and cellular compounds including endothelial (EC), mononuclear (PBMC) and polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells, respectively. These modulations comprise a hampered leukocyte adhesion to EC, induction of apoptosis, a reduced activity of the inducible nitric oxide synthase, and a lowered oxidative burst in macrophages. Moreover, irradiation with a single dose between 0.5-0.7 Gy has been shown to induce the expression of X-chromosome linked inhibitor of apoptosis and transforming growth factor beta 1, to reduce the expression of E-selectin and L-selectin from EC and PBMC, and to hamper secretion of Interleukin-1, or chemokine CCL20 from macrophages and PMN. Notably, a common feature of most of these responses is that they display discontinuous or biphasic dose dependencies, shared with "non-targeted" effects of low-dose irradiation exposure like the bystander response and hyper-radiosensitivity. Thus, the purpose of the present review is to discuss recent developments in the understanding of low-dose irradiation immune modulating properties with special emphasis on discontinuous dose response relationships.
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Cite this article as:
Rodel F., Frey B., Gaipl U., Keilholz L., Fournier C., Manda K., Schollnberger H., Hildebrandt G. and Rodel C., Modulation of Inflammatory Immune Reactions by Low-Dose Ionizing Radiation: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Application, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2012; 19 (12) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986712800099866
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986712800099866 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
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