Abstract
Depression is the most common mental disorder, affecting a large population worldwide. Of the psychiatric syndromes which present mood disorders, major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most severe due to the long periods of depressed mood, somatic symptoms, cognitive disturbances, clinically significant distress and impairment in everyday functioning. The causes of MDD are complex and associated with environmental and biological aspects. Treatment comprises structured forms of psychotherapy and antidepressant medication but remission rates are low and justify the implementation of an alternative effective treatment. Various authors have associated physical exercise with the treatment of depression and different biological and psychological hypotheses have been proposed. Several clinical trials have been performed and, while some authors report no apparent association, the majority of the published data demonstrates a positive effect of physical exercise on both depressive symptoms and Quality of Life (QoL). In this review, the current status of exercise associated treatment of MDD is addressed, relevant data and models are discussed, and an updated view of the current situation is presented.
Keywords: Major depressive disorder, MDD, depression, physical exercise, physical activity, Omega-3 fatty acids, osteoporosis, seasonal effects, homozygotic, multigenic, angiogenic factor, Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), Monoamine, Endorphin, Thermogenic
Current Psychopharmacology
Title: Physical Exercise and Major Depressive Disorder - Where Do We Stand?
Volume: 1
Author(s): Jorge Mota Pereira, Jorge Silverio, Serafim Carvalho, Joaquim Ramos and Jose Carlos Ribeiro
Affiliation:
Keywords: Major depressive disorder, MDD, depression, physical exercise, physical activity, Omega-3 fatty acids, osteoporosis, seasonal effects, homozygotic, multigenic, angiogenic factor, Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), Monoamine, Endorphin, Thermogenic
Abstract: Depression is the most common mental disorder, affecting a large population worldwide. Of the psychiatric syndromes which present mood disorders, major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most severe due to the long periods of depressed mood, somatic symptoms, cognitive disturbances, clinically significant distress and impairment in everyday functioning. The causes of MDD are complex and associated with environmental and biological aspects. Treatment comprises structured forms of psychotherapy and antidepressant medication but remission rates are low and justify the implementation of an alternative effective treatment. Various authors have associated physical exercise with the treatment of depression and different biological and psychological hypotheses have been proposed. Several clinical trials have been performed and, while some authors report no apparent association, the majority of the published data demonstrates a positive effect of physical exercise on both depressive symptoms and Quality of Life (QoL). In this review, the current status of exercise associated treatment of MDD is addressed, relevant data and models are discussed, and an updated view of the current situation is presented.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Mota Pereira Jorge, Silverio Jorge, Carvalho Serafim, Ramos Joaquim and Carlos Ribeiro Jose, Physical Exercise and Major Depressive Disorder - Where Do We Stand?, Current Psychopharmacology 2012; 1 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2211556011201020167
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2211556011201020167 |
Print ISSN 2211-5560 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 2211-5579 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Breakthroughs in drug design, development and delivery system for the management of neuro-psychiatric disorders
Neuropsychiatric diseases are one of the main causes of disability, affecting millions of people. Various drugs are used for its treatment, although no effective therapy has been found yet. The blood brain barrier (BBB) significantly complicates drugs delivery to the target cells in the brain tissues. This proposal describes the ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Monocyte Cyclooxygenase-2 Activity: A New Therapeutic Target for Atherosclerosis?
Current Drug Targets - Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders Vertical and Horizontal Convergences of Targeting Pathways in Combination Therapy with Baicalin and Jasminoidin for Cerebral Ischemia
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets The Road to Device Miniaturization in Echocardiography
Recent Patents on Medical Imaging Preface
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery Novel Agents to Manage Dyslipidemias and Impact Atherosclerosis
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets Short Term, Low Dose Simvastatin Pretreatment Alters Memory Immune Function Following Secondary Staphylococcus aureus Infection
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Epidemiology and Natural History of Patients with NAFLD
Current Pharmaceutical Design Cardiovascular Disease: An Economical Perspective
Current Pharmaceutical Design Preeclampsia and the Future Development of Cardiovascular Disease: A Review
Current Women`s Health Reviews Genetic and Environmental Influences on Therapeutic and Toxicity Outcomes: Studies with CYP2A6
Current Clinical Pharmacology Hydroxyimine NO-Donors; FK409 and Derivatives
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry CA125: An Increasingly Promising Biomarker of Heart Failure
Current Pharmaceutical Design Nanotechnology Based Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategies for Neuroscience with Special Emphasis on Ischemic Stroke
Current Medicinal Chemistry Therapeutic Applications of Calcium Metabolism Modulation in Heart Disease
Medicinal Chemistry Disrupted White Matter Networks from Subjective Memory Impairment to Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment
Current Alzheimer Research Randomized, Placebo Controlled Study of the Effects of Etoricoxib on Markers of Inflammation, Pain and Muscle Force After Eccentric Exercise
Clinical Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Drugs (Discontinued) Cytokine Polymorphisms in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases with Reference to Occupational Diseases
Current Molecular Medicine Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: A Promising Cell Source for the Treatment of Inflammatory Cardiomyopathy
Current Pharmaceutical Design Effects of Simvastatin on the Metabolism of Fatty Acids in Combined Secondary Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease: Dosage and Gender Differences between the Effects
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets Classic β-Amyloid Deposits Cluster Around Large Diameter Blood Vessels Rather than Capillaries in Sporadic Alzheimers Disease
Current Neurovascular Research