Abstract
α-defensins are reported to be a soluble component of innate immunity actively participating in host defense against HIV. In order to further investigate the role of α-defensins in innate immunity during HIV infection, we analyzed CD8+ T lymphocytes and neutrophils obtained from 34 HIV-infected and 14 uninfected subjects. CD8+ T cells and neutrophils were labelled for evaluating α-defensin expression by flow cytometric analysis using a dual laser FACScalibur. Culture supernatants and plasma were also collected for ELISA quantification of α-defensins. The results showed a significantly increased production of α-defensins in plasma, neutrophils and CD8 T-lymphocytes of patients with HIV infection in comparison with healthy controls. The expression of α -defensins, by CD8+ cells probably reflects both the intrinsic production and the uptake from cocultured cells that release defensins. The upregulation of α-defensin expression within neutrophils could account for the increased release of such peptides in the systemic circulation. Antiretroviral treatment did not have any effect on plasma levels and expression of α-defensins by neutrophils. Overall, our findings suggest that the increased production/expression of α-defensins could be correlated with the chronic process of immune activation seen in HIV infection.
Keywords: HIV, α-defensins, innate immunity, CD8, neutrophils
Current HIV Research
Title: In Vivo Release of Alpha-Defensins in Plasma, Neutrophils and CD8 TLymphocytes of Patients with HIV Infection
Volume: 7 Issue: 6
Author(s): Claudia D'Agostino, Miriam Lichtner, Claudio M. Mastroianni, Giancarlo Ceccarelli, Marco Iannetta, Simone Antonucci, Vincenzo Vullo and Anna P. Massetti
Affiliation:
Keywords: HIV, α-defensins, innate immunity, CD8, neutrophils
Abstract: α-defensins are reported to be a soluble component of innate immunity actively participating in host defense against HIV. In order to further investigate the role of α-defensins in innate immunity during HIV infection, we analyzed CD8+ T lymphocytes and neutrophils obtained from 34 HIV-infected and 14 uninfected subjects. CD8+ T cells and neutrophils were labelled for evaluating α-defensin expression by flow cytometric analysis using a dual laser FACScalibur. Culture supernatants and plasma were also collected for ELISA quantification of α-defensins. The results showed a significantly increased production of α-defensins in plasma, neutrophils and CD8 T-lymphocytes of patients with HIV infection in comparison with healthy controls. The expression of α -defensins, by CD8+ cells probably reflects both the intrinsic production and the uptake from cocultured cells that release defensins. The upregulation of α-defensin expression within neutrophils could account for the increased release of such peptides in the systemic circulation. Antiretroviral treatment did not have any effect on plasma levels and expression of α-defensins by neutrophils. Overall, our findings suggest that the increased production/expression of α-defensins could be correlated with the chronic process of immune activation seen in HIV infection.
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D'Agostino Claudia, Lichtner Miriam, Mastroianni M. Claudio, Ceccarelli Giancarlo, Iannetta Marco, Antonucci Simone, Vullo Vincenzo and Massetti P. Anna, In Vivo Release of Alpha-Defensins in Plasma, Neutrophils and CD8 TLymphocytes of Patients with HIV Infection, Current HIV Research 2009; 7 (6) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016209789973600
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016209789973600 |
Print ISSN 1570-162X |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4251 |
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Management of HIV: Management of HIV: old challenges and new needs
The aim of this thematic issue is to provide the most recent updates regarding the effective management of HIV infection. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly decreased HIV-related mortality, leading to an enhancement in the quality of life and life expectancy for people living with HIV (PLWH). Despite the numerous advancements ...read more
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