Abstract
Subjects at risk of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are also at high risk of acute and chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. HIV is associated with higher HBV viraemia and with the risk of HBV reactivation, chronic active HBV infection, cirrhosis and death. Therefore, hepatitis B vaccination is recommended for all HIV-infected subjects lacking prior immunity. However, the immune response to hepatitis B vaccine is frequently suboptimal in this population. High CD4+ cell counts and low HIV viraemia are well known factors associated with a better rate of response. Moreover, higher hepatitis B vaccine doses and/or prolongation of the vaccination schedule, as implemented for patients with immune deficiencies other than HIV, may be considered. New vaccination cycles should be considered if post-vaccination titers of antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen are < 10 mIU/mL ( < 10 UI/L). The immunization of all young and middle-aged adults appears to be the most useful strategy to protect all patient-populations at high risk of sexually transmitted diseases.
Keywords: Hepatitis B Vaccination, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), immune deficiencies, antibodies, sexually transmitted diseases, HIV-infected subjects
Current Molecular Pharmacology
Title: Hepatitis B Vaccination in HIV-Infected Subjects
Volume: 1
Author(s): Marco Bongiovanni and Maddalena Casana
Affiliation:
Keywords: Hepatitis B Vaccination, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), immune deficiencies, antibodies, sexually transmitted diseases, HIV-infected subjects
Abstract: Subjects at risk of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are also at high risk of acute and chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. HIV is associated with higher HBV viraemia and with the risk of HBV reactivation, chronic active HBV infection, cirrhosis and death. Therefore, hepatitis B vaccination is recommended for all HIV-infected subjects lacking prior immunity. However, the immune response to hepatitis B vaccine is frequently suboptimal in this population. High CD4+ cell counts and low HIV viraemia are well known factors associated with a better rate of response. Moreover, higher hepatitis B vaccine doses and/or prolongation of the vaccination schedule, as implemented for patients with immune deficiencies other than HIV, may be considered. New vaccination cycles should be considered if post-vaccination titers of antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen are < 10 mIU/mL ( < 10 UI/L). The immunization of all young and middle-aged adults appears to be the most useful strategy to protect all patient-populations at high risk of sexually transmitted diseases.
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Cite this article as:
Bongiovanni Marco and Casana Maddalena, Hepatitis B Vaccination in HIV-Infected Subjects, Current Molecular Pharmacology 2008; 1 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874467210801030191
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874467210801030191 |
Print ISSN 1874-4672 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1874-4702 |
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