Abstract
DC-SIGN is a calcium dependent lectin that binds to HIV envelope, gp120, with high affinity. Its expression on dendritic cells, coupled with its ability to facilitate the binding and subsequent transfer of virions to permissive T-cells, has led to the hypothesis that DC-SIGN may serve as a conduit the transfer of HIV from the peripheral mucosa to secondary lymphoid organs. Studies have shown that DC-SIGN bound virions can maintain their infectivity for prolonged periods of time despite evidence that DC-SIGN itself may serve as an antigen receptor. How HIV subverts the normal function of DC-SIGN to establish a primary infection in the host is unclear. Therefore, understanding the structural and immunological basis for DCSIGNs function will help us realize the role that DC-SIGN may play in viral transmission and pathogenesis. Importantly, DC-SIGN / envelope interactions may represent a new target for microbicide and vaccine development efforts. Here, we review recent studies on DC-SIGNs structure and function in an effort to present testable models of DC-SIGNs role in HIV pathogenesis.
Keywords: dc-sign, c-type lectins, dendritic cells, viral attachment, endocytic receptor, hiv transmission
Current HIV Research
Title: Sugar and Spice: Viral Envelope-DC-SIGN Interactions in HIV Pathogenesis
Volume: 1 Issue: 1
Author(s): Stephen V. Su, Kevin B. Gurney and Benhur Lee
Affiliation:
Keywords: dc-sign, c-type lectins, dendritic cells, viral attachment, endocytic receptor, hiv transmission
Abstract: DC-SIGN is a calcium dependent lectin that binds to HIV envelope, gp120, with high affinity. Its expression on dendritic cells, coupled with its ability to facilitate the binding and subsequent transfer of virions to permissive T-cells, has led to the hypothesis that DC-SIGN may serve as a conduit the transfer of HIV from the peripheral mucosa to secondary lymphoid organs. Studies have shown that DC-SIGN bound virions can maintain their infectivity for prolonged periods of time despite evidence that DC-SIGN itself may serve as an antigen receptor. How HIV subverts the normal function of DC-SIGN to establish a primary infection in the host is unclear. Therefore, understanding the structural and immunological basis for DCSIGNs function will help us realize the role that DC-SIGN may play in viral transmission and pathogenesis. Importantly, DC-SIGN / envelope interactions may represent a new target for microbicide and vaccine development efforts. Here, we review recent studies on DC-SIGNs structure and function in an effort to present testable models of DC-SIGNs role in HIV pathogenesis.
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Cite this article as:
Su V. Stephen, Gurney B. Kevin and Lee Benhur, Sugar and Spice: Viral Envelope-DC-SIGN Interactions in HIV Pathogenesis, Current HIV Research 2003; 1 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570162033352129
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570162033352129 |
Print ISSN 1570-162X |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4251 |
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