Abstract
The non-classical role for vitamin D in maintaining immune homeostasis has been recognised for 30 years. A definitive link between vitamin D status and the immune response has now been established by a multitude of association studies which link both vitamin D deficiency and genetic polymorphisms in vitamin D-related genes to susceptibility to respiratory diseases including tuberculosis, upper respiratory tract infection, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma and lung cancer. This review considers the mechanisms by which immune cells and lung epithelial cells respond to infection or injury by inducing intracellular metabolism of vitamin D. The effects of vitamin D metabolites on induction of phagocyte antimicrobial responses, modulation of DC maturation and T cell priming, skewing of the cytokine milieu towards a type 2 inflammatory response and promotion of regulatory T (Treg) cell development will also be described.
Keywords: Immunomodulation, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, cytokine, macrophage, T-cell, dendritic cell, T-reg, autoimmunity, infection, bone homoeostasis
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews
Title: Immunomodulatory Actions of Vitamin D Metabolites and their Potential Relevance to Human Lung Disease
Volume: 7 Issue: 6
Author(s): Anna K. Coussens
Affiliation:
Keywords: Immunomodulation, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, cytokine, macrophage, T-cell, dendritic cell, T-reg, autoimmunity, infection, bone homoeostasis
Abstract: The non-classical role for vitamin D in maintaining immune homeostasis has been recognised for 30 years. A definitive link between vitamin D status and the immune response has now been established by a multitude of association studies which link both vitamin D deficiency and genetic polymorphisms in vitamin D-related genes to susceptibility to respiratory diseases including tuberculosis, upper respiratory tract infection, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma and lung cancer. This review considers the mechanisms by which immune cells and lung epithelial cells respond to infection or injury by inducing intracellular metabolism of vitamin D. The effects of vitamin D metabolites on induction of phagocyte antimicrobial responses, modulation of DC maturation and T cell priming, skewing of the cytokine milieu towards a type 2 inflammatory response and promotion of regulatory T (Treg) cell development will also be described.
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Cite this article as:
K. Coussens Anna, Immunomodulatory Actions of Vitamin D Metabolites and their Potential Relevance to Human Lung Disease, Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews 2011; 7 (6) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157339811798072577
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157339811798072577 |
Print ISSN 1573-398X |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6387 |
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