Abstract
Aging affects energy homeostasis and fuel metabolism in a form of either an increased body mass and glucose intolerance that may lead to obesity and type 2 diabetes or loss of appetite that also may seriously compromise health status. The data, obtained mainly in rat, suggest that aging suppresses the expression and action of potent orexigenic peptides such as predominantly neuropeptides NPY and orexins and peripheral hormone, ghrelin. Senescent animals show over-responsiveness to αMSH, the major anorexigenic neuropeptide. However, central anorexigenic action of leptin is clearly diminished in aging, most likely due to the impaired leptin signal transduction. The age-related central resistance to leptin and insulin does not reduce their inhibitory effects on the activity of NPY and AgRP neurons. Thus, in rodents aging is associated with the altered expression and activity of both orexigenic and anorexigenic peptides. If similar changes in the central regulation of food intake occur during human aging, they may partially explain ‘anorexia of aging’ and loss of body weight observed at the end-of-life period. Additionally, increased plasma cholecystokinin concentrations in healthy old subjects may also contribute to the loss of appetite characteristic for the elderly. Further studies of the central and peripheral mechanisms that control food intake during aging may provide novel therapeutic strategies to improve the nutritional status of the elderly.
Keywords: Aging, food intake, hypothalamus, neuropetides, leptin, ghrelin, insulin, enteric peptides
Current Protein & Peptide Science
Title: Aging and Peptide Control of Food Intake
Volume: 12 Issue: 4
Author(s): Zbigniew Kmiec
Affiliation:
Keywords: Aging, food intake, hypothalamus, neuropetides, leptin, ghrelin, insulin, enteric peptides
Abstract: Aging affects energy homeostasis and fuel metabolism in a form of either an increased body mass and glucose intolerance that may lead to obesity and type 2 diabetes or loss of appetite that also may seriously compromise health status. The data, obtained mainly in rat, suggest that aging suppresses the expression and action of potent orexigenic peptides such as predominantly neuropeptides NPY and orexins and peripheral hormone, ghrelin. Senescent animals show over-responsiveness to αMSH, the major anorexigenic neuropeptide. However, central anorexigenic action of leptin is clearly diminished in aging, most likely due to the impaired leptin signal transduction. The age-related central resistance to leptin and insulin does not reduce their inhibitory effects on the activity of NPY and AgRP neurons. Thus, in rodents aging is associated with the altered expression and activity of both orexigenic and anorexigenic peptides. If similar changes in the central regulation of food intake occur during human aging, they may partially explain ‘anorexia of aging’ and loss of body weight observed at the end-of-life period. Additionally, increased plasma cholecystokinin concentrations in healthy old subjects may also contribute to the loss of appetite characteristic for the elderly. Further studies of the central and peripheral mechanisms that control food intake during aging may provide novel therapeutic strategies to improve the nutritional status of the elderly.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Kmiec Zbigniew, Aging and Peptide Control of Food Intake, Current Protein & Peptide Science 2011; 12 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920311795906718
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920311795906718 |
Print ISSN 1389-2037 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5550 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advancements in Proteomic and Peptidomic Approaches in Cancer Immunotherapy: Unveiling the Immune Microenvironment
The scope of this thematic issue centers on the integration of proteomic and peptidomic technologies into the field of cancer immunotherapy, with a particular emphasis on exploring the tumor immune microenvironment. This issue aims to gather contributions that illustrate the application of these advanced methodologies in unveiling the complex interplay ...read more
Artificial Intelligence for Protein Research
Protein research, essential for understanding biological processes and creating therapeutics, faces challenges due to the intricate nature of protein structures and functions. Traditional methods are limited in exploring the vast protein sequence space efficiently. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) offer promising solutions by improving predictions and speeding up ...read more
Nutrition and Metabolism in Musculoskeletal Diseases
The musculoskeletal system consists mainly of cartilage, bone, muscles, tendons, connective tissue and ligaments. Balanced metabolism is of vital importance for the homeostasis of the musculoskeletal system. A series of musculoskeletal diseases (for example, sarcopenia, osteoporosis) are resulted from the dysregulated metabolism of the musculoskeletal system. Furthermore, metabolic diseases (such ...read more
Protein Folding, Aggregation and Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation
Protein folding, misfolding and aggregation remain one of the main problems of interdisciplinary science not only because many questions are still open, but also because they are important from the point of view of practical application. Protein aggregation and formation of fibrillar structures, for example, is a hallmark of a ...read more
Related Journals
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Current Drug Targets for Thymic Neoplasms
Current Cancer Drug Targets Nutritional Deficiency in Early Life Facilitates Aging-Associated Cognitive Decline
Current Alzheimer Research Discovery of Novel Anti-Diabetic Drugs by Targeting Lipid Metabolism
Current Drug Targets Associations between Periodontitis and Systemic Inflammatory Diseases: Response to Treatment
Recent Patents on Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Drug Discovery The Novel Use of GLP-1 Analogue and Insulin Combination in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Recent Patents on Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Drug Discovery Structure, Biological Properties and Applications of Marine-derived Polysaccharides
Current Organic Chemistry The High Mobility Group A1 (HMGA1) Transcriptome in Cancer and Development
Current Molecular Medicine Meet Our Editorial Board Member:
Recent Patents on Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Drug Discovery Is the Use of Cholesterol-Lowering Drugs for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Complications in Type 2 Diabetics Evidence-Based? A Systematic Review
Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials The Yin and Yang of Non-Neuronal α7-Nicotinic Receptors in Inflammation and Autoimmunity
Current Drug Targets Enhancing Transdermal Drug Delivery with Electroporation
Recent Patents on Drug Delivery & Formulation Suppression of Arthritis Progression with Lutein Extracted from Tagetes erecta in Collagen-Induced Arthritis Model Rats
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued) The Management of the Infected Diabetic Foot
Current Diabetes Reviews Ethanol Determination in Alcoholic Beverages Using Two Different Amperometric Enzyme Sensors
Current Analytical Chemistry Preface
Clinical Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Drugs (Discontinued) Current Clinical Therapies for Cartilage Repair, their Limitation and the Role of Stem Cells
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy Cytokine Antibody Arrays in Biomarker Discovery and Validation
Current Proteomics A Review of Biomarkers in Mood and Psychotic Disorders: A Dissection of Clinical vs. Preclinical Correlates
Current Neuropharmacology Chemical Connexin Impairment in the Developing Gonad Associated with Offspring Infertility
Current Medicinal Chemistry Patent Selections
Recent Patents on Food, Nutrition & Agriculture