Abstract
Chronic cough seems more common in women than men. The mean ratio of female to male patients with chronic cough is 2.1 (95% CI, 1.6-2.4). Many large population-based studies have clearly demonstrated that females are more likely to suffer from angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitors induced cough. When small sized cohort studies on chronic cough are reviewed, the mean ratio of female to male patients is 2.5 (95% CI, 1.7-3.3) in patients with gastro-esophageal reflux (GER) associated cough, 3.6 (95% CI, 1.5-5.8) in patients with atopic cough, 1.6 (95% CI, 0.8- 2.5) in eosinophilic bronchitis without asthma, 2.6 (95% CI, 1.8-3.4) in adult cough variant asthma and 1.9 (95% CI, 0.8- 4.7) in childhood cough variant asthma. Thus, it is likely that females are more likely to suffer from chronic cough, especially ACE-inhibitor-induced cough, GER associated cough, atopic cough and probably eosinophilic bronchitis without asthma, all of which are characterised by increased cough reflex sensitivity. In addition, female healthy volunteers have increased cough reflex sensitivity to inhaled capsaicin.
Keywords: Cough, cough reflex, gender, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitors, gastro-esophageal reflux (GER), atopic cough, asthma, post-nasal drip (PND), upper airway cough syndrome, cough variant asthma, cough reflex sensitivity, tartaric acid, capsaicin, pre-menopausal, post-menopausal, tussive agent, bronchial, hyperresponsiveness, airway inflammation, citric acid
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews
Title: Gender Differences in Chronic Cough
Volume: 7 Issue: 1
Author(s): Masaki Fujimura
Affiliation:
Keywords: Cough, cough reflex, gender, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitors, gastro-esophageal reflux (GER), atopic cough, asthma, post-nasal drip (PND), upper airway cough syndrome, cough variant asthma, cough reflex sensitivity, tartaric acid, capsaicin, pre-menopausal, post-menopausal, tussive agent, bronchial, hyperresponsiveness, airway inflammation, citric acid
Abstract: Chronic cough seems more common in women than men. The mean ratio of female to male patients with chronic cough is 2.1 (95% CI, 1.6-2.4). Many large population-based studies have clearly demonstrated that females are more likely to suffer from angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitors induced cough. When small sized cohort studies on chronic cough are reviewed, the mean ratio of female to male patients is 2.5 (95% CI, 1.7-3.3) in patients with gastro-esophageal reflux (GER) associated cough, 3.6 (95% CI, 1.5-5.8) in patients with atopic cough, 1.6 (95% CI, 0.8- 2.5) in eosinophilic bronchitis without asthma, 2.6 (95% CI, 1.8-3.4) in adult cough variant asthma and 1.9 (95% CI, 0.8- 4.7) in childhood cough variant asthma. Thus, it is likely that females are more likely to suffer from chronic cough, especially ACE-inhibitor-induced cough, GER associated cough, atopic cough and probably eosinophilic bronchitis without asthma, all of which are characterised by increased cough reflex sensitivity. In addition, female healthy volunteers have increased cough reflex sensitivity to inhaled capsaicin.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Fujimura Masaki, Gender Differences in Chronic Cough, Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews 2011; 7 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157339811794109309
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157339811794109309 |
Print ISSN 1573-398X |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6387 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Exposure to PM2.5 components is associated with respiratory diseases
Through continuous research on the relationship between risk factors and health, it has been found that air pollution, especially atmospheric particulate matter pollution, has become one of the main sources of global disease burden. From 1990 to 2022, the concentration of atmospheric particulate matter pollution has increased by more than ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Novel Targets for Antiinflammatory and Antiarthritic Agents
Current Pharmaceutical Design Update in Glaucoma Medicinal Chemistry: Emerging Evidence for the Importance of Melatonin Analogues
Current Medicinal Chemistry Current Role of Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists in Preschool Asthma
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews Synthesis and Biological Activity of Prostaglandin Analogs Containing Heteroatoms in the Cyclopentane Ring
Current Organic Chemistry Drugs Acting on Mast Cells Functions: A Cell Biological Perspective
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) Pharmacological Targeting of the Epidermal Barrier
Current Pharmaceutical Design Pharmacogenetics, Pharmacogenomics and Epigenetics of Nrf2-regulated Xenobioticmetabolizing Enzymes and Transporters by Dietary Phytochemical and Cancer Chemoprevention
Current Drug Metabolism The Need for Physiologically Relevant Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ) Ligands
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets ENaC Inhibitors and Airway Re-hydration in Cystic Fibrosis: State of the Art
Current Molecular Pharmacology An Update on the Roles of the Complement System in Autoimmune Diseases and the Therapeutic Possibilities of Anti-Complement Agents
Current Drug Therapy Electronic Monitoring Devices as an Intervention in Asthma: The Story So Far
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews Transdermal Nutraceuticals Delivery System for CNS Disease
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Systemic Therapies for Pancreatic Cancer - The Role of Pharmacogenetics
Current Drug Targets Gene Expression Profiling and its Practice in Drug Development
Current Genomics Aerosol Delivery in the Treatment of Lung Cancer
Current Cancer Drug Targets The Role of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases in Asthma
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) Inflammaging and Proteases in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Current Vascular Pharmacology Association between the Use of Inhaled Corticosteroids and Pulmonary Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infection: A Systematic Review
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews Anti-TNF Treatment in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Endothelin Axis: A Novel Target for Pharmacotherapy of Female Malignancies
Current Vascular Pharmacology