Abstract
The burden of atherosclerosis is particularly high in western countries in terms of mortality and disability. The cerebral arteries (stroke or transient ischemic attack [TIA]), coronary arteries (myocardial infarction [MI]) and peripheral arteries (intermittent claudication [IC], ischemic limb) can be affected. Atherosclerosis may involve different mechanisms such as inflammation, platelet activation, endothelial damage, balance between proliferation and apoptosis of smooth muscle cells and oxidative stress. Research is focused to counteract each of these aspects. Many antithrombotic drugs are currently available and most of them act as inhibitors of platelet function. Aspirin, ticlopidine, clopidogrel and the combination of aspirin plus dipyridamole are widely used for primary (in high-risk patients) and secondary prevention of atherosclerotic diseases. Research of new pharmacological strategies is driven by the need to reduce the risk of bleeding associated with the use of antiplatelet drugs. In this context cilostazol, a type III phosphodiesterase inhibitor, has demonstrated antiplatelet and vasodilator effects with low rate of bleeding complications. This review will focus on the pharmacological properties of cilostazol and its use in the management of atherothrombotic vascular diseases.
Keywords: Atherosclerosis, antiplatelet agents, phosphodiesterase inhibitor, cilostazol, vascular prevention
Current Vascular Pharmacology
Title: Cilostazol in the Management of Atherosclerosis
Volume: 8 Issue: 3
Author(s): Fabrizio Sallustio, Federica Rotondo, Silvia Di Legge and Paolo Stanzione
Affiliation:
Keywords: Atherosclerosis, antiplatelet agents, phosphodiesterase inhibitor, cilostazol, vascular prevention
Abstract: The burden of atherosclerosis is particularly high in western countries in terms of mortality and disability. The cerebral arteries (stroke or transient ischemic attack [TIA]), coronary arteries (myocardial infarction [MI]) and peripheral arteries (intermittent claudication [IC], ischemic limb) can be affected. Atherosclerosis may involve different mechanisms such as inflammation, platelet activation, endothelial damage, balance between proliferation and apoptosis of smooth muscle cells and oxidative stress. Research is focused to counteract each of these aspects. Many antithrombotic drugs are currently available and most of them act as inhibitors of platelet function. Aspirin, ticlopidine, clopidogrel and the combination of aspirin plus dipyridamole are widely used for primary (in high-risk patients) and secondary prevention of atherosclerotic diseases. Research of new pharmacological strategies is driven by the need to reduce the risk of bleeding associated with the use of antiplatelet drugs. In this context cilostazol, a type III phosphodiesterase inhibitor, has demonstrated antiplatelet and vasodilator effects with low rate of bleeding complications. This review will focus on the pharmacological properties of cilostazol and its use in the management of atherothrombotic vascular diseases.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Sallustio Fabrizio, Rotondo Federica, Di Legge Silvia and Stanzione Paolo, Cilostazol in the Management of Atherosclerosis, Current Vascular Pharmacology 2010; 8 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016110791112331
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016110791112331 |
Print ISSN 1570-1611 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6212 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases: Mechanisms, Diagnosis and Therapy
Ischemic cardiovascular disease includes myocardial infarction, coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, angina pectoris, etc., constitute the leading cause of patient mortality by preventing tissues from getting sufficient oxygen and nutrients. Ischemic heart disease, as a clinical condition, is characterized by myocardial ischemia, causing an imbalance between myocardial blood supply and demand, ...read more
TREATMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN CHRONIC AND END STAGE KIDNEY DISEASE
Cardiovascular disease still remains the leading cause of death in Chronic and End Stage Kidney Disease, accounting for more than half of all deaths in dialysis patients. During the past decade, research has been focused on novel therapeutic agents that might delay or even reverse cardiovascular disease and vascular calcification, ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
The Biochemical and Physical Process of Fibrinolysis and Effects of Clot Structure and Stability on the Lysis Rate
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Inflammation, High Density Lipoprotein and Endothelium
Current Medicinal Chemistry Cyclooxygenase Inhibition and Atherothrombosis
Current Drug Targets Structural Neuroimaging Findings in Major Depressive Disorder Throughout Aging: A Critical Systematic Review of Prospective Studies
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Pathophysiology of Idiopathic Atrial Fibrillation - Prognostic and Treatment Implications
Current Pharmaceutical Design Closed-loop Neuropharmacology for Epilepsy: Distant Dream or Future Reality?
Current Neuropharmacology The Effect of DPP-4i on Endothelial Function and Arterial Stiffness in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review of Randomized Placebo-controlled Trials
Current Pharmaceutical Design Memantine: Its Role in Vascular Dementia
Drug Design Reviews - Online (Discontinued) Therapeutic Approaches for Reducing C-Reactive Protein (CRP) Levels and the Associated Cardiovascular Risk
Current Chemical Biology Death by Insulin: Management of Self-Harm and Suicide in Diabetes Management
Current Diabetes Reviews Apolipoprotein(a) in the Carotid Artery Plaque: Evidence for Proteolytic and Pro-Inflammatory Modifications
Vascular Disease Prevention (Discontinued) Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor (PEDF) Prevents Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs)-Elicited Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (eNOS) Reduction Through Its Anti-Oxidative Properties
Protein & Peptide Letters The Etiology of Hypertension in the Metabolic Syndrome Part Three: The Regulation and Dysregulation of Blood Pressure
Current Vascular Pharmacology Cystathionine Beta Synthase as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer Disease
Current Alzheimer Research The Fibroblast Growth Factor 23: A New Player in the Field of Cardiovascular, Bone and Renal Disease
Current Vascular Pharmacology Potential Approaches to Enhance the Effects of Estrogen on Senescent Blood Vessels and Postmenopausal Cardiovascular Disease
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Extracellular Matrix, Integrins, and Mesenchymal Cell Function in the Airways
Current Drug Targets Is there a Rational Approach for Increasing Drug Specificity? Considerations on CNS Target Choice and Validation
Recent Patents on CNS Drug Discovery (Discontinued) A Critical and Comprehensive Insight on Heme Oxygenase and Related Products Including Carbon Monoxide, Bilirubin, Biliverdin and Ferritin in Type-1 and Type-2 Diabetes
Current Pharmaceutical Design Metabolic-Inflammatory Changes, and Accelerated Atherosclerosis in HIV Patients: Rationale for Preventative Measures
Current Medicinal Chemistry