Abstract
Accumulating evidence demonstrates that bacterial chemoattractants not only attract leukocytes (chemotaxis) but also contribute directly to inflammation by activation of leukocytes to produce a variety of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Recent studies have shown that mixtures of the bacterial chemoattractant fMLP (N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe) and other bacterial products/components such as LPS (lipopolysaccharide) behave synergistically in activating leukocytes. These results suggest that inflammatory responses are induced by multiple inducers that operate synergistically through multiple signaling pathways. This synergy is likely to play a significant role in the induction of host defense to bacterial infections and in the pathogenesis of inflammatory disorders. These results also demonstrate that the control of inflammation is likely best understood at the level of synergistic regulation of intracellular signaling. The use of pharmacological inhibitors to modulate synergistic molecules is therefore an attractive possibility for the treatment of inflammatory disease. In this review, we will provide a brief summary of recent studies on the regulation of leukocyte functioning by bacterial chemoattractants.
Keywords: Bacterial chemoattractant, leukocyte, inflammatory mediators, signaling
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets
Title: Synergistic Activation of Leukocytes by Bacterial Chemoattractants: Potential Drug Targets
Volume: 9 Issue: 4
Author(s): Ling-Yu Chen and Zhixing K. Pan
Affiliation:
Keywords: Bacterial chemoattractant, leukocyte, inflammatory mediators, signaling
Abstract: Accumulating evidence demonstrates that bacterial chemoattractants not only attract leukocytes (chemotaxis) but also contribute directly to inflammation by activation of leukocytes to produce a variety of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Recent studies have shown that mixtures of the bacterial chemoattractant fMLP (N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe) and other bacterial products/components such as LPS (lipopolysaccharide) behave synergistically in activating leukocytes. These results suggest that inflammatory responses are induced by multiple inducers that operate synergistically through multiple signaling pathways. This synergy is likely to play a significant role in the induction of host defense to bacterial infections and in the pathogenesis of inflammatory disorders. These results also demonstrate that the control of inflammation is likely best understood at the level of synergistic regulation of intracellular signaling. The use of pharmacological inhibitors to modulate synergistic molecules is therefore an attractive possibility for the treatment of inflammatory disease. In this review, we will provide a brief summary of recent studies on the regulation of leukocyte functioning by bacterial chemoattractants.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Chen Ling-Yu and Pan K. Zhixing, Synergistic Activation of Leukocytes by Bacterial Chemoattractants: Potential Drug Targets, Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets 2009; 9 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187153009789839165
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187153009789839165 |
Print ISSN 1871-5303 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 2212-3873 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
High Doses of In vitro Beta-carotene, Alpha-Tocopherol and Ascorbic Acid Induce Oxidative Stress and Secretion of IL-6 in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells from Healthy Donors
Current Aging Science Role of the Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Axl and its Targeting in Cancer Cells
Current Medicinal Chemistry Counteracting Oxidative Stress in Pregnancy through Modulation of Maternal Micronutrients and Omega-3 Fatty Acids
Current Medicinal Chemistry Regulatory Mechanism miR-302a-3p/E2F1/SNHG3 Axis in Nerve Repair Post Cerebral Ischemic Stroke
Current Neurovascular Research Estrogen Receptor Beta in Cancer: an Attractive Target for Therapy
Current Pharmaceutical Design Orai1 and Transient Receptor Potential Channels as Novel Molecular Targets to Impair Tumor Neovascularization in Renal Cell Carcinoma and other Malignancies
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Docking Prediction for Luteolin Inhibiting TNF-α and NF-κB Pathway
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery NEDD4: A Promising Target for Cancer Therapy
Current Cancer Drug Targets 1,4-Benzothiazines-A Biologically Attractive Scaffold
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Potential Control of Multiple Sclerosis by Cannabis and the Endocannabinoid System
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Prodrug Strategies for Antihypertensives
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry A Survey on Synthesis Processes of Structured Materials for Biomedical Applications: Iron-based Magnetic Nanoparticles, Polymeric Materials and Polymerization Processes
Current Pharmaceutical Design Roles of SUMOylation in Heart Development and Cardiovascular Diseases
Current Molecular Medicine Epigenetic Mechanisms and Kidney Diseases
Current Medicinal Chemistry Ca2+ Signalling in Damaged Endothelium and Arterial Remodelling: Do Connexin Hemichannels Provide a Suitable Target to Prevent In-stent Restenosis?
Current Drug Therapy Pharmacological and Clinical Applications of Natriuretic Peptides: Accepted Knowledges or Changing Views?
Current Pharmaceutical Analysis Speculative Considerations about Some Cardiology Enigmas
Current Cardiology Reviews The Influence of Genetic Variations and Drug Interactions Based on Metabolism of Antidepressants and Anticonvulsants
Current Drug Metabolism Design, Synthesis and Molecular Docking Study of Some Substituted 4,5- dihydro-2H-indazole Derivatives as Potential Anti-inflammatory Agents
Medicinal Chemistry Telomeres, Senescence and Longevity: The Role of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants
Current Pharmacogenomics