Abstract
Conventional treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) includes oxygen supplementation, calcium channel blockers, anticoagulation, digoxin, and diuretics. Calcium channel blockers have little or no effect on the majority of patients with moderate or severe PAH. Apart from the intravenous prostacyclin which remains the gold standard treatment for this life-threatening entity, newer drugs such as prostacyclin analogues, endothelin-receptor antagonists, and phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors alone or in combination administered by means of different routes have been shown to improve oxygenation, hemodynamics, exercise tolerance, symptoms, and quality of life. Based on current WHO classification there are 5 groups of pulmonary hypertension. In this article, PAH is used exclusively for Group 1 of WHO classification. There are currently six FDA approved therapies for PAH. However, all these therapeutic agents and approaches have not offered yet a cure of PAH. This review article presents the recent advances in the management of PAH.
Keywords: Prostanoids, nitric oxide, endothelin-receptor antagonist, epoprostenol, phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews
Title: Recent Advances in the Management of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Volume: 5 Issue: 1
Author(s): Emmanuel Papadakis and Argyris Michalopoulos
Affiliation:
Keywords: Prostanoids, nitric oxide, endothelin-receptor antagonist, epoprostenol, phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors
Abstract: Conventional treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) includes oxygen supplementation, calcium channel blockers, anticoagulation, digoxin, and diuretics. Calcium channel blockers have little or no effect on the majority of patients with moderate or severe PAH. Apart from the intravenous prostacyclin which remains the gold standard treatment for this life-threatening entity, newer drugs such as prostacyclin analogues, endothelin-receptor antagonists, and phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors alone or in combination administered by means of different routes have been shown to improve oxygenation, hemodynamics, exercise tolerance, symptoms, and quality of life. Based on current WHO classification there are 5 groups of pulmonary hypertension. In this article, PAH is used exclusively for Group 1 of WHO classification. There are currently six FDA approved therapies for PAH. However, all these therapeutic agents and approaches have not offered yet a cure of PAH. This review article presents the recent advances in the management of PAH.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Papadakis Emmanuel and Michalopoulos Argyris, Recent Advances in the Management of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension, Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews 2009; 5 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157339809787353976
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157339809787353976 |
Print ISSN 1573-398X |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6387 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Exposure to PM2.5 components is associated with respiratory diseases
Through continuous research on the relationship between risk factors and health, it has been found that air pollution, especially atmospheric particulate matter pollution, has become one of the main sources of global disease burden. From 1990 to 2022, the concentration of atmospheric particulate matter pollution has increased by more than ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Radial Distribution of Elasticity in Porcine Thoracic Aorta
Vascular Disease Prevention (Discontinued) Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidants in the Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Disease: Does the Actual Knowledge Justify a Clinical Approach?
Current Vascular Pharmacology Obesity: The Metabolic Disease, Advances on Drug Discovery and Natural Product Research
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Hypersensitivity Reactions to Ophthalmic Products
Current Pharmaceutical Design Clinical Research in India - Current Scenario and the Need of the Hour
Applied Clinical Research, Clinical Trials and Regulatory Affairs Role of Carbon Monoxide in Kidney Function: Is a little Carbon Monoxide Good for the Kidney?
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Characterization of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Expression in Nucleus Accumbens and Hippocampus of Rats Subjected to Food Selection in the Cafeteria Diet Protocol
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Vitamin D status in coronary artery disease: association with IL-35 and TGF-β1 and disease severity
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Neonatal Ultrasound in Transport
Current Pediatric Reviews Oxidative Stress and Vascular Disease
Current Hypertension Reviews Endothelial Dysfunction in Metabolic Diseases: Role of Oxidation and Possible Therapeutic Employment of N-acetylcysteine
Current Medicinal Chemistry Free Radicals in Living Systems: In Vivo Detection of Bioradicals with EPR Spectroscopy
Current Organic Chemistry Current Pharmacologic Management of Pediatric Heart Failure in Congenital Heart Disease
Current Vascular Pharmacology Beta Blockers and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Sum of Evidence
Current Hypertension Reviews Xanthine Oxidoreductase in Drug Metabolism: Beyond a Role as a Detoxifying Enzyme
Current Medicinal Chemistry Statins in the Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Renal Failure
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets Modeling Cardiovascular Development: New Approaches are Making In Vitro En Vogue
Current Cardiology Reviews New Sides of Aldosterone Action in Cardiovascular System as Potential Targets for Therapeutic Intervention
Current Drug Targets Atherosclerosis, Degenerative Aortic Stenosis and Statins
Current Drug Targets Tackling Cardiovascular Risk: New Evidence from Personalized Medicine
Current Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine