Abstract
Ghrelin is a gut-brain peptide that has somatotropic, food intake increasing and adipogenic effects. Ghrelin is involved in modulating insulin and glucose metabolism in rodents according to recent studies. In humans acylated ghrelin reduces insulin sensitivity while unacylated ghrelin has opposite effects. In general, ghrelin seems to have diabetogenic effects. Obese, in particular abdominally obese, subjects have low ghrelin levels and decreased total ghrelin levels have been associated with metabolic syndrome and Type 2 diabetes. Most of the human studies in Type 1 diabetes have reported low ghrelin levels probably as a compensatory mechanism against hyperglycaemia. The data on obestatin in the regulation of energy balance is extremely contradictory. Interestingly, ghrelin receptor antagonists may improve glucose tolerance in rats without inducing weight gain by increasing insulin secretion. Antagonism of ghrelin function to treat diabetes is thus a fascinating idea. This review concentrates on recent findings on the orexigenic peptide ghrelin and its derivatives in metabolic disorders with emphasis put on human studies.
Current Protein & Peptide Science
Title: Ghrelin and Metabolic Disorders
Volume: 10 Issue: 1
Author(s): Olavi Ukkola
Affiliation:
Keywords: Ghrelin, obestatin, diabetes, insulin
Abstract: Ghrelin is a gut-brain peptide that has somatotropic, food intake increasing and adipogenic effects. Ghrelin is involved in modulating insulin and glucose metabolism in rodents according to recent studies. In humans acylated ghrelin reduces insulin sensitivity while unacylated ghrelin has opposite effects. In general, ghrelin seems to have diabetogenic effects. Obese, in particular abdominally obese, subjects have low ghrelin levels and decreased total ghrelin levels have been associated with metabolic syndrome and Type 2 diabetes. Most of the human studies in Type 1 diabetes have reported low ghrelin levels probably as a compensatory mechanism against hyperglycaemia. The data on obestatin in the regulation of energy balance is extremely contradictory. Interestingly, ghrelin receptor antagonists may improve glucose tolerance in rats without inducing weight gain by increasing insulin secretion. Antagonism of ghrelin function to treat diabetes is thus a fascinating idea. This review concentrates on recent findings on the orexigenic peptide ghrelin and its derivatives in metabolic disorders with emphasis put on human studies.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Ukkola Olavi, Ghrelin and Metabolic Disorders, Current Protein & Peptide Science 2009; 10 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920309787315220
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920309787315220 |
Print ISSN 1389-2037 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5550 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advancements in Proteomic and Peptidomic Approaches in Cancer Immunotherapy: Unveiling the Immune Microenvironment
The scope of this thematic issue centers on the integration of proteomic and peptidomic technologies into the field of cancer immunotherapy, with a particular emphasis on exploring the tumor immune microenvironment. This issue aims to gather contributions that illustrate the application of these advanced methodologies in unveiling the complex interplay ...read more
Nutrition and Metabolism in Musculoskeletal Diseases
The musculoskeletal system consists mainly of cartilage, bone, muscles, tendons, connective tissue and ligaments. Balanced metabolism is of vital importance for the homeostasis of the musculoskeletal system. A series of musculoskeletal diseases (for example, sarcopenia, osteoporosis) are resulted from the dysregulated metabolism of the musculoskeletal system. Furthermore, metabolic diseases (such ...read more
Protein Folding, Aggregation and Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation
Protein folding, misfolding and aggregation remain one of the main problems of interdisciplinary science not only because many questions are still open, but also because they are important from the point of view of practical application. Protein aggregation and formation of fibrillar structures, for example, is a hallmark of a ...read more
Related Journals
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Amine Oxidase Inhibitors and Development of Neuroprotective Drugs
Current Neuropharmacology Aldo-Keto Reductase Family 1 Member B10 Inhibitors: Potential Drugs for Cancer Treatment
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery IGF-I Signaling in Response to Hyperglycemia and the Development of Diabetic Complications
Current Diabetes Reviews Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Regenerative Medicine and Disease Modeling
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy Possible Role of Vascular Risk Factors in Alzheimer's Disease and Vascular Dementia
Current Pharmaceutical Design Inflammation as a Therapeutic Target in Acute Ischemic Stroke Treatment
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Extraction, Characterization and In Vivo Neuromodulatory Activity of Phytosterols from Microalga Dunaliella Tertiolecta
Current Medicinal Chemistry Linkage of Stress with Neuromuscular Disorders
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Impairment of Liver Glycogen Storage in the db/db Animal Model of Type 2 Diabetes: A Potential Target for Future Therapeutics?
Current Drug Targets Targeting NO/cGMP Signaling in the CNS for Neurodegeneration and Alzheimer’s Disease
Current Medicinal Chemistry Not a Painless Condition: Rheumatological and Musculoskeletal Symptoms in Type 2 Diabetes, and the Implications for Exercise Participation
Current Diabetes Reviews Serum Uric Acid and Diabetes: From Pathophysiology to Cardiovascular Disease
Current Pharmaceutical Design An Overview of Parkinsons Disease and the Cannabinoid System and Possible Benefits of Cannabinoid-Based Treatments
Current Medicinal Chemistry Sweet and Sour - Oxidative and Carbonyl Stress in Neurological Disorders
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Myopathic Involvement and Mitochondrial Pathology in Kennedy Disease and in Other Motor Neuron Diseases
Current Molecular Medicine Recent Patents in Cell Therapy for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Recent Patents on Regenerative Medicine Glutaminase Isoenzymes as Key Regulators in Metabolic and Oxidative Stress Against Cancer
Current Molecular Medicine Microtubule-Directed Therapeutic Strategy for Neurodegenerative Disorders: Starting From the Basis and Looking on the Emergences
Current Pharmaceutical Design Spin Trapping: An Essential Tool for the Study of Diseases Caused by Oxidative Stress
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Patent Selections
Recent Patents on Drug Delivery & Formulation