Abstract
Acute or chronic inflammation is thought to play a major role in the etiology and/or pathogenesis of autoimmune disease. Often viral infections are the initial cause for a local inflammatory reaction resulting in tissue infiltration by activated leukocytes. The activation and trafficking of these leukocytes to the site of inflammation is conducted by chemoattractant cytokines, termed chemokines. Depending on the genetic background and the history of previous infections, such infiltrating leukocytes can potentially include autoaggressive lymphocytes with specificity to tissue antigens. The number of specific precursor lymphocytes, strength of activation and degree of counteracting immunoregulatory measures determine whether such an autoimmune incident ultimately results in autoimmune disease. Thus, by blocking the initial inflammatory insult one could in theory prevent the excessive attraction of autoaggressive lymphocytes to the inflammation site and the subsequent formation of a pattern that leads to autoimmune disease. This review focuses on blocking of chemokines in animal models of type 1 diabetes and discusses the possible applications of such treatments in human autoimmune disease.
Keywords: CXC chemokine ligand 10, nonobese-diabetic (NOD) mouse, autoimmune disease, inflammatory mediators, RIP-LCMV mouse
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets
Title: Chemokines as Drug Targets in Type 1 Diabetes
Volume: 7 Issue: 1
Author(s): Urs Christen
Affiliation:
Keywords: CXC chemokine ligand 10, nonobese-diabetic (NOD) mouse, autoimmune disease, inflammatory mediators, RIP-LCMV mouse
Abstract: Acute or chronic inflammation is thought to play a major role in the etiology and/or pathogenesis of autoimmune disease. Often viral infections are the initial cause for a local inflammatory reaction resulting in tissue infiltration by activated leukocytes. The activation and trafficking of these leukocytes to the site of inflammation is conducted by chemoattractant cytokines, termed chemokines. Depending on the genetic background and the history of previous infections, such infiltrating leukocytes can potentially include autoaggressive lymphocytes with specificity to tissue antigens. The number of specific precursor lymphocytes, strength of activation and degree of counteracting immunoregulatory measures determine whether such an autoimmune incident ultimately results in autoimmune disease. Thus, by blocking the initial inflammatory insult one could in theory prevent the excessive attraction of autoaggressive lymphocytes to the inflammation site and the subsequent formation of a pattern that leads to autoimmune disease. This review focuses on blocking of chemokines in animal models of type 1 diabetes and discusses the possible applications of such treatments in human autoimmune disease.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Christen Urs, Chemokines as Drug Targets in Type 1 Diabetes, Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets 2007; 7 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187153007780059405
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187153007780059405 |
Print ISSN 1871-5303 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 2212-3873 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Targeting of Th1-Associated Chemokine Receptors CXCR3 and CCR5 as Therapeutic Strategy for Inflammatory Diseases
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Systemic Sclerosis: Clinical Manifestations
Current Rheumatology Reviews Recent Developments in the Medicinal Chemistry and Therapeutic Potential of Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase (DHODH) Inhibitors
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Animal Models of Central Nervous System Immune-Mediated Diseases: Therapeutic Interventions with Bioactive Peptides and Mimetics
Current Medicinal Chemistry Alpha 4 Integrin Antagonists
Current Pharmaceutical Design Current Status and Future Prospects of Small–molecule Protein–protein Interaction (PPI) Inhibitors of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) and Receptor Activator of NF-κB Ligand (RANKL)
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Properdin and Complement Activation: A Fresh Perspective
Current Drug Targets Chemokines and Autoimmune Diseases
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents Mediterrranean Diet and Health Biological Importance of Olive Oil
Current Pharmaceutical Design Immune Monitoring to Predict the Development of Infections After Immunosuppression for Solid Organ Transplantation and Autoimmune Diseases
Current Drug Safety Immunogenicity in Protein and Peptide Based-Therapeutics: An Overview
Current Protein & Peptide Science Recent Patents on Immunoregulatory DNA Vaccines for Autoimmune Diseases and Allograft Rejection
Recent Patents on DNA & Gene Sequences Transcription Factors in Autoimmune Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design Cardiovascular Disease in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: The Role of Traditional and Lupus Related Risk Factors
Current Cardiology Reviews Autoimmunity and Apoptosis - Therapeutic Implications
Current Medicinal Chemistry Modulation of the Immune Response by the Cholera-like Enterotoxins
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Endothelial Expression of MHC Class II Molecules in Autoimmune Disease
Current Pharmaceutical Design Mouse Models of Autoimmune Diseases - Autoimmune Myocarditis
Current Pharmaceutical Design Color Doppler Ultrasound Assessment of Clinical Activity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Current Medical Imaging Lipids at the Cross-road of Autoimmunity in Multiple Sclerosis
Current Medicinal Chemistry