Abstract
Among neurodegenerative diseases, Alzheimer disease (AD) is a leading cause of death in elderly individuals. AD is characterized, among other clinical findings, by unexplained weight loss, cachexia and altered immune function. Alteration in energy balance and nutritional status are relayed to the feeding-related hypothalamic nuclei by neuronal pathways and/or via alterations in the levels of eating-controlling hormones. The adipocyte-derived hormone, leptin, and the pancreatic-derived peptide, insulin, function as hormonal signaling mechanisms for fat deposition and play a key role in regulating food intake, body weight and energy homeostasis via their actions on specific hypothalamic nuclei. Moreover, leptin, insulin and their receptors are widely expressed in many hypothalamic and extra-hypothalamic brain regions indicating that these hormones may have other neuronal functions. Although emerging evidence supports the role of insulin resistance in the development of AD, the potential involvement of leptin in the pathogenic process of AD has been proposed only recently. Here we review recent reports and progress concerning the molecular mechanism and the potential role of leptin and insulin in AD.
Keywords: Leptin, insulin, signal transduction, Alzheimer disease, review
Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Alzheimer Disease: What Role for Leptin and Insulin?
Volume: 6 Issue: 4
Author(s): Sami Dridi, D. Dominguez and J. Buyse
Affiliation:
Keywords: Leptin, insulin, signal transduction, Alzheimer disease, review
Abstract: Among neurodegenerative diseases, Alzheimer disease (AD) is a leading cause of death in elderly individuals. AD is characterized, among other clinical findings, by unexplained weight loss, cachexia and altered immune function. Alteration in energy balance and nutritional status are relayed to the feeding-related hypothalamic nuclei by neuronal pathways and/or via alterations in the levels of eating-controlling hormones. The adipocyte-derived hormone, leptin, and the pancreatic-derived peptide, insulin, function as hormonal signaling mechanisms for fat deposition and play a key role in regulating food intake, body weight and energy homeostasis via their actions on specific hypothalamic nuclei. Moreover, leptin, insulin and their receptors are widely expressed in many hypothalamic and extra-hypothalamic brain regions indicating that these hormones may have other neuronal functions. Although emerging evidence supports the role of insulin resistance in the development of AD, the potential involvement of leptin in the pathogenic process of AD has been proposed only recently. Here we review recent reports and progress concerning the molecular mechanism and the potential role of leptin and insulin in AD.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Dridi Sami, Dominguez D. and Buyse J., Alzheimer Disease: What Role for Leptin and Insulin?, Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry 2006; 6 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187152406779010877
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187152406779010877 |
Print ISSN 1871-5249 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6166 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Adult Stem Cell Treatment for Central Nervous System Injury
Current Tissue Engineering (Discontinued) Fibroblast Growth Factor 2: From Laboratory Evidence to Clinical Application
Current Vascular Pharmacology Image-Guided Nanoparticle-Based siRNA Delivery for Cancer Therapy
Current Pharmaceutical Design ChemoImmunoModulation: Immune Regulation by the Antineoplastic Chemotherapeutic Agents
Current Medicinal Chemistry Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy with Somatostatin Analogues in Neuroendocrine Tumors
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Targeted Enzyme Prodrug Therapies
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Neurodevelopment in Schizophrenia: The Role of the Wnt Pathways
Current Neuropharmacology Mitochondrial Permeability Transition as Target of Anticancer Drugs
Current Pharmaceutical Design Small Molecule Fluorescent Ligands as Central Nervous System Imaging Probes
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Multicolor-FISH Approaches for the Characterization of Human Chromosomes in Clinical Genetics and Tumor Cytogenetics
Current Genomics Current Targets for Anticancer Drug Discovery
Current Drug Targets Coenzyme Q10 in Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders
Current Drug Targets Mitochondrial Dysfunctions in Bipolar Disorder: Effect of the Disease and Pharmacotherapy
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Down with the Erythropoietin. Long Live the Erythropoietin !
Current Drug Targets A Second Look into the Oxidant Mechanisms in Alzheimers Disease
Current Neurovascular Research In Vivo Optical Imaging in Gene & Cell Therapy
Current Gene Therapy Mitochondria as Targets for Neuronal Protection Against Excitotoxicity: A Role for Phenolic Compounds?
Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Marine Natural Products and Related Compounds as Anticancer Agents: an Overview of their Clinical Status
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Immune System Modulation by Thyroid Axis Includes Direct Genomic and Nongenomic Actions of Thyroid Hormones on Immune Cells
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued) Current Progress in Sample Preparation for Two-Dimensional Electrophoresis in Proteomics
Current Proteomics