Abstract
To understand blood pressure is regulated, and how this regulation is disturbed in hypertension, we need to understand how blood volume is regulated and how the distribution of that volume across the vascular tree is regulated. Here we review the literature on blood volume regulation and how it is disturbed in the pre-diabetic and diabetic state. We also provide a comprehensive overview of vascular dysfunction, discussing the key mechanisms, mediators and pathways which are involved. In particular, we focus on the key concept of endothelial dysfunction and how this has shaped our understanding of hypertension.
Keywords: Metabolic syndrome, diabetes, hypertension, obesity, insulin resistance, volume homeostasis, endothelial dysfunction, kidney, sympathetic nervous system, renin-angiotensin system
Current Vascular Pharmacology
Title: The Etiology of Hypertension in the Metabolic Syndrome Part Three: The Regulation and Dysregulation of Blood Pressure
Volume: 4 Issue: 4
Keywords: Metabolic syndrome, diabetes, hypertension, obesity, insulin resistance, volume homeostasis, endothelial dysfunction, kidney, sympathetic nervous system, renin-angiotensin system
Abstract: To understand blood pressure is regulated, and how this regulation is disturbed in hypertension, we need to understand how blood volume is regulated and how the distribution of that volume across the vascular tree is regulated. Here we review the literature on blood volume regulation and how it is disturbed in the pre-diabetic and diabetic state. We also provide a comprehensive overview of vascular dysfunction, discussing the key mechanisms, mediators and pathways which are involved. In particular, we focus on the key concept of endothelial dysfunction and how this has shaped our understanding of hypertension.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
The Etiology of Hypertension in the Metabolic Syndrome Part Three: The Regulation and Dysregulation of Blood Pressure, Current Vascular Pharmacology 2006; 4 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016106778521643
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016106778521643 |
Print ISSN 1570-1611 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6212 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases: Mechanisms, Diagnosis and Therapy
Ischemic cardiovascular disease includes myocardial infarction, coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, angina pectoris, etc., constitute the leading cause of patient mortality by preventing tissues from getting sufficient oxygen and nutrients. Ischemic heart disease, as a clinical condition, is characterized by myocardial ischemia, causing an imbalance between myocardial blood supply and demand, ...read more
TREATMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN CHRONIC AND END STAGE KIDNEY DISEASE
Cardiovascular disease still remains the leading cause of death in Chronic and End Stage Kidney Disease, accounting for more than half of all deaths in dialysis patients. During the past decade, research has been focused on novel therapeutic agents that might delay or even reverse cardiovascular disease and vascular calcification, ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Glucocorticoids in Pregnancy
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome are at High Risk Prior to the Event and Lipid Management is Underachieved Pre- and Post- Hospitalization
Current Vascular Pharmacology Visceral and Subcutaneous Adiposity: Are Both Potential Therapeutic Targets for Tackling the Metabolic Syndrome?
Current Pharmaceutical Design In-vitro Antioxidant activity of ‘Aswathy Chooranam’- a Siddha Drug
Current Traditional Medicine Editorial: The Interplay between TSH and Lipids. What Should Clinicians Know?
Current Vascular Pharmacology Metformin Beyond Diabetes: New Life for an Old Drug
Current Diabetes Reviews Is Metabolic Syndrome Associated to HIV Infection Per Se? Results from the HERMES Study
Current HIV Research Angiogenesis as Risk Factor for Plaque Vulnerability
Current Pharmaceutical Design Statins Therapy may Change a Course of Lung Fibrosis and Pulmonary Hypertension: A New Indication for Therapy or Just “Statinomania”?
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews Natriuretic Peptide Guided Heart Failure Management
Current Clinical Pharmacology New Approved Medications for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Current Drug Therapy The Incidence of Adverse Drug Reactions in Patients Treated with Statins in the Emirates: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Current Vascular Pharmacology Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy: A Common Cause of Cerebral Hemorrhage
Current Medicinal Chemistry Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Receptor Antagonists in Affective Disorders and Drug Dependence - An Update
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Nitric Oxide is a Central Common Metabolite in Vascular Dysfunction Associated with Diseases of Human Pregnancy
Current Vascular Pharmacology Point of NO Return for Nitrergic Nerves in Diabetes: A New Insight into Diabetic Complications
Current Pharmaceutical Design Impact of Antihypertensive Drug Use on Bone Mineral Density and Osteoporotic Fracture - From an Epidemiological Perspective
Recent Patents on Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Drug Discovery Food-Derived Peptides and Intestinal Functions
Current Pharmaceutical Design Half-Life of Sulfonylureas in HNF1A and HNF4A Human MODY Patients is not Prolonged as Suggested by the Mouse Hnf1a<sup>-/-</sup> Model
Current Pharmaceutical Design Development of Functional Dark Chocolate by Incorporating Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) Oil and Honey with Improved Organoleptic and Textural Attributes
Current Nutrition & Food Science