Abstract
Toll-like receptors 7 and 8 (TLR7/8), known as pattern recognition receptors (PRR), are currently viewed as important targets for the development of new therapies for multiple diseases. Therefore, manipulating the immune response by using TLR7/8 agonists or antagonists might be of therapeutic value. Nucleic acid-like structures are well-known TLR7/8 ligands, such as single-stranded RNA (ssRNA), small interfering RNA (siRNA), CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) and nucleoside analogues. However, these nucleic acid TLR7/8 ligands show a variety of pharmacological properties and change of their structures offers a high degree of diversity. Unnatural modified nucleosides have been explored to expand the properties and the applications of nucleic acid. In this regard, chemical modification of nucleosides is very useful for production of specific pharmacological qualities of nucleic acid TLR7/8 ligands. In this review, we will summarize the characteristics of nucleic acid TLR7/8 ligand system and describe the applications of chemical modifications, with a focus on potency and structure-activity relationships (SAR).
Keywords: Autoimmune disease, chemical modification, infectious disease, nucleoside analogues, oligodeoxynucleotides, oligoribonucleotide, single-stranded RNA, small interfering RNA, structure-activity relationships, toll-like receptors
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Recognition of Nucleic Acid Ligands by Toll-Like Receptors 7/8: Importance of Chemical Modification
Volume: 19 Issue: 9
Author(s): Hui Yu, Zhanli Wang, Gang Sun and Yongchun Yu
Affiliation:
Keywords: Autoimmune disease, chemical modification, infectious disease, nucleoside analogues, oligodeoxynucleotides, oligoribonucleotide, single-stranded RNA, small interfering RNA, structure-activity relationships, toll-like receptors
Abstract: Toll-like receptors 7 and 8 (TLR7/8), known as pattern recognition receptors (PRR), are currently viewed as important targets for the development of new therapies for multiple diseases. Therefore, manipulating the immune response by using TLR7/8 agonists or antagonists might be of therapeutic value. Nucleic acid-like structures are well-known TLR7/8 ligands, such as single-stranded RNA (ssRNA), small interfering RNA (siRNA), CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) and nucleoside analogues. However, these nucleic acid TLR7/8 ligands show a variety of pharmacological properties and change of their structures offers a high degree of diversity. Unnatural modified nucleosides have been explored to expand the properties and the applications of nucleic acid. In this regard, chemical modification of nucleosides is very useful for production of specific pharmacological qualities of nucleic acid TLR7/8 ligands. In this review, we will summarize the characteristics of nucleic acid TLR7/8 ligand system and describe the applications of chemical modifications, with a focus on potency and structure-activity relationships (SAR).
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Yu Hui, Wang Zhanli, Sun Gang and Yu Yongchun, Recognition of Nucleic Acid Ligands by Toll-Like Receptors 7/8: Importance of Chemical Modification, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2012; 19 (9) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986712799462603
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986712799462603 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
Current advances in inherited cardiomyopathy
Describe in detail all novel advances in multimodality imaging related to inherited cardiomyopathy diagnosis and prognosis. Shed light to deeper phenotypic characterization. Acknowledge recent advances in genetics, genomics and precision medicineread more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Neurological Disorders in Medical Use of <i>Cannabis</i>: An Update
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Adhesion Molecules as Targets for the Treatment of Neoplastic Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design Copper Homeostasis for the Developmental Progression of Intraerythrocytic Malarial Parasite
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry The Passive Targeting and the Cytotoxicity of Intravenous 10-HCPT Nanosuspension
Current Nanoscience Pyridine Based Antitumour Compounds Acting at the Colchicine Site
Current Medicinal Chemistry Minocycline Inhibits mTOR Signaling Activation and Alleviates Behavioral Deficits in the Wistar Rats with Acute Ischemia stroke
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets New Entrants into Clinical Trials for Targeted Therapy of Breast Cancer: An Insight
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry The Genetic Landscapes of Inflammation-Driven Gastrointestinal Tract Cancers
Current Pharmaceutical Design Imidazoles and Benzimidazoles as Tubulin-Modulators for Anti-Cancer Therapy
Current Medicinal Chemistry Targeting Aurora Kinases in Cancer Treatment
Current Drug Targets Potential Therapeutic Targets of Curcumin, Most Abundant Active Compound of Turmeric Spice: Role in the Management of Various Types of Cancer
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery Population Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of a Fully Human IgG2 Monoclonal Antibody in Patients with Inflammatory Diseases
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) The High Mobility Group A1 (HMGA1) Transcriptome in Cancer and Development
Current Molecular Medicine Topical Ingenol Mebutate: A New Treatment Modality for Multiple Actinic Keratoses and Field Cancerization
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Strategies for the Preparation of Bifunctional Gadolinium(III) Chelators
Current Organic Synthesis Immunomodulation in Inflammatory Neuropathies: Rationale and Safety
Current Drug Safety Neddylation Pathway as a Novel Anti-cancer Target: Mechanistic Investigation and Therapeutic Implication
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry IP6 & Inositol in Cancer Prevention and Therapy
Current Cancer Therapy Reviews Identification and Targeting of Tumor Escape Mechanisms: A New Hope for Cancer Therapy?
Current Pharmaceutical Design Crocetin, a Carotenoid Derivative, Inhibits VEGF-Induced Angiogenesis via Suppression of p38 Phosphorylation
Current Neurovascular Research