Abstract
Cognitive dysfunction is a hallmark feature of schizophrenia and is evident across all phases of the illness. While prior metaanalyses have elucidated the level and pattern of cognitive deficits in the premorbid and post-onset periods of psychosis, no metaanalyses of studies of the putative prodromal period have been published. Our primary aim is to provide a meta-analysis of neurocognitive findings from 14 studies of psychosis risk syndrome (PRS) individuals published through February 2011, and compare the resulting profile with that synthesized by meta-analyses from other periods of the disorder. Meta-analysis of 1215 PRS individuals with a mean age of 19.2 (± 3.3) and 851 healthy control subjects yielded small-to-medium impairments across nine of 10 neurocognitive domains (Cohens d = -0.26 to -0.67). Seven studies reported on PRS individuals who later developed psychosis (n = 175) and their baseline performance level generally yielded moderate-to-large ESs (d = -0.35 to -0.84). Mild cognitive deficits are reliably and broadly present in PRS individuals, falling at a level that is intermediate between healthy individuals and those diagnosed with schizophrenia, and at a level that is comparable to those at familial (“genetic”) risk and with premorbid data. Moreover, baseline neurocognition in PRS individuals who converted to psychosis showed more severe deficits than non-converters in nearly all domains. However, considerable heterogeneity of ESs across studies in many domains underscores variability in phenotypic expression and/or measurement sensitivity, and a critical need for improved reporting of sample characteristics to support moderator variable analyses.
Keywords: Schizophrenia, psychosis, prodrome, clinical high risk, neurocognition, meta-analysis, psychosis risk syndrome (PRS), gray matter volume, cohort assessments, DSM-IV diagnoses
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: Neurocognition in the Psychosis Risk Syndrome: A Quantitative and Qualitative Review
Volume: 18 Issue: 4
Author(s): Anthony J. Giuliano, Huijun Li, Raquelle I. Mesholam-Gately, Shannon M. Sorenson, Kristen A. Woodberry and Larry J. Seidman
Affiliation:
Keywords: Schizophrenia, psychosis, prodrome, clinical high risk, neurocognition, meta-analysis, psychosis risk syndrome (PRS), gray matter volume, cohort assessments, DSM-IV diagnoses
Abstract: Cognitive dysfunction is a hallmark feature of schizophrenia and is evident across all phases of the illness. While prior metaanalyses have elucidated the level and pattern of cognitive deficits in the premorbid and post-onset periods of psychosis, no metaanalyses of studies of the putative prodromal period have been published. Our primary aim is to provide a meta-analysis of neurocognitive findings from 14 studies of psychosis risk syndrome (PRS) individuals published through February 2011, and compare the resulting profile with that synthesized by meta-analyses from other periods of the disorder. Meta-analysis of 1215 PRS individuals with a mean age of 19.2 (± 3.3) and 851 healthy control subjects yielded small-to-medium impairments across nine of 10 neurocognitive domains (Cohens d = -0.26 to -0.67). Seven studies reported on PRS individuals who later developed psychosis (n = 175) and their baseline performance level generally yielded moderate-to-large ESs (d = -0.35 to -0.84). Mild cognitive deficits are reliably and broadly present in PRS individuals, falling at a level that is intermediate between healthy individuals and those diagnosed with schizophrenia, and at a level that is comparable to those at familial (“genetic”) risk and with premorbid data. Moreover, baseline neurocognition in PRS individuals who converted to psychosis showed more severe deficits than non-converters in nearly all domains. However, considerable heterogeneity of ESs across studies in many domains underscores variability in phenotypic expression and/or measurement sensitivity, and a critical need for improved reporting of sample characteristics to support moderator variable analyses.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
J. Giuliano Anthony, Li Huijun, I. Mesholam-Gately Raquelle, M. Sorenson Shannon, A. Woodberry Kristen and J. Seidman Larry, Neurocognition in the Psychosis Risk Syndrome: A Quantitative and Qualitative Review, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2012; 18 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161212799316019
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161212799316019 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Cytokines in Neuroinflammation and Alzheimers Disease
Current Drug Targets Biology of Subjective Cognitive Complaint Amongst Geriatric Patients: Vitamin D Involvement
Current Alzheimer Research The Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Diabetes Mellitus
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry The Alzheimer's Disease-Related Glucose Metabolic Brain Pattern
Current Alzheimer Research Converging Perturbed Microvasculature and Microglial Clusters Characterize Alzheimer Disease Brain
Current Alzheimer Research The Interaction of DNA-Binding Ligands with Trinucleotide-Repeat DNA: Implications for Therapy and Diagnosis of Neurological Disorders
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Activated Immune System and Inflammation in Healthy Ageing: Relevance for Tryptophan and Neopterin Metabolism
Current Pharmaceutical Design HIV-1 Tat-Mediated Calcium Dysregulation and Neuronal Dysfunction in Vulnerable Brain Regions
Current Drug Targets Crocin Protects Against Beta-Amyloid Peptide-Induced Apoptosis in PC12 Cells Via the PI3 K Pathway
Current Molecular Pharmacology Regulation of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase in Pathophysiological Conditions
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets The Glutamate Hypothesis in ALS: Pathophysiology and Drug Development
Current Medicinal Chemistry Actigraphy for Assessing Light Effects on Sleep and Circadian Activity Rhythm in Alzheimer's Dementia: A Narrative Review
Current Alzheimer Research Lecithin (Phosphatidylcholine): Healthy Dietary Supplement or Dangerous Toxin?
The Natural Products Journal The GABA Shunt: An Attractive and Potential Therapeutic Target in the Treatment of Epileptic Disorders
Current Drug Metabolism Familial Hypercholesterolemia: Update and Review
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Quality Control Optimization Solutions for Determination of Rutin in Supplements Containing Ginkgo Biloba Extract
Current Pharmaceutical Analysis Pleiotropic Effects of Cathepsin D
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Immunotherapy for Alzheimers Disease: Rational Basis in Ongoing Clinical Trials
Current Pharmaceutical Design (-)-Phenserine and Inhibiting Pre-Programmed Cell Death: In Pursuit of a Novel Intervention for Alzheimer’s Disease
Current Alzheimer Research Polyphenols: Well Beyond The Antioxidant Capacity: Gallic Acid and Related Compounds as Neuroprotective Agents: You are What You Eat!
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology