Abstract
The immunosuppressive oligonucleotide cyclosporine A (CsA) is extensively used in organ transplantation and autoimmune disorders. CsA as well as FK506 is a typical inhibitor of calcineurin, a serine/threonine phosphatase. Calcineurin is a potent regulator for fiber-type conversion, regeneration, and muscle hypertrophy of slow-twitch fibers. Many researchers including our group have used CsA delivered orally, intraperitoneally, or subcutaneously to modulate calcineurin activity. In this review, we have systematically and descriptively dealt with the role of CsA in regulating muscle adaptations in mature mammals. Pharmacological inhibition by CsA delays the muscle regenerating process. Some limitations are observed, because treatment with CsA in vivo blocks all of the calcineurin subtypes. A strategy for controlling the amount of calcineurin may be effective for the treatment of muscular disorders such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy (UCMD), and limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD). Lowdose and short-term (2-6 weeks) CsA treatment would help to elucidate the functional role of calcineurin in skeletal muscle in vivo.
Keywords: Cyclosporine A, calcineurin, regeneration, hypertrophy, fiber type, muscular dystrophy, skeletal muscle, cyclophilin D, autoimmune disorders, calmodulin
Current Enzyme Inhibition
Title: Current Application of Cyclosporine A to Investigate Skeletal Muscle Adaptation
Volume: 7 Issue: 3
Author(s): Kunihiro Sakuma and Akihiko Yamaguchi
Affiliation:
Keywords: Cyclosporine A, calcineurin, regeneration, hypertrophy, fiber type, muscular dystrophy, skeletal muscle, cyclophilin D, autoimmune disorders, calmodulin
Abstract: The immunosuppressive oligonucleotide cyclosporine A (CsA) is extensively used in organ transplantation and autoimmune disorders. CsA as well as FK506 is a typical inhibitor of calcineurin, a serine/threonine phosphatase. Calcineurin is a potent regulator for fiber-type conversion, regeneration, and muscle hypertrophy of slow-twitch fibers. Many researchers including our group have used CsA delivered orally, intraperitoneally, or subcutaneously to modulate calcineurin activity. In this review, we have systematically and descriptively dealt with the role of CsA in regulating muscle adaptations in mature mammals. Pharmacological inhibition by CsA delays the muscle regenerating process. Some limitations are observed, because treatment with CsA in vivo blocks all of the calcineurin subtypes. A strategy for controlling the amount of calcineurin may be effective for the treatment of muscular disorders such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy (UCMD), and limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD). Lowdose and short-term (2-6 weeks) CsA treatment would help to elucidate the functional role of calcineurin in skeletal muscle in vivo.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Sakuma Kunihiro and Yamaguchi Akihiko, Current Application of Cyclosporine A to Investigate Skeletal Muscle Adaptation, Current Enzyme Inhibition 2011; 7 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157340811798807632
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157340811798807632 |
Print ISSN 1573-4080 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6662 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Oxidative Stress in the Cochlea: An Update
Current Medicinal Chemistry Passive Smoking and Coronary Heart Disease
Current Vascular Pharmacology Improving of Nutraceutical Features of Many Important Mediterranean Vegetables by Inoculation with a New Commercial Product
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Patent Selections
Recent Patents on Cardiovascular Drug Discovery Glycosaminoglycans as Key Molecules in Atherosclerosis: The Role of Versican and Hyaluronan
Current Medicinal Chemistry Streptococcal Collagen-like Protein 1 Binds Wound Fibronectin: Implications in Pathogen Targeting
Current Medicinal Chemistry Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Role of Janus Kinases Inhibitors
Current Medicinal Chemistry A Review of the Evidence for a Neuroendocrine Link Between Stress, Depression and Diabetes Mellitus
Current Diabetes Reviews New Lipid-lowering Agents Acting on LDL Receptors
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry What is Tobacco Smoke? Sociocultural Dimensions of the Association with Cardiovascular Risk
Current Pharmaceutical Design Predictors of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction Improvement after Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation in Patients with PVC-Induced Cardiomyopathy: A Systematic Review
Current Cardiology Reviews Antioxidant, Antimicrobial Activity and Medicinal Properties of Grewia asiatica L.
Medicinal Chemistry Retracted: Tocotrienols and its Role in Cardiovascular Health- a Lead for Drug Design
Current Pharmaceutical Design Body Mass Index, Lipid Metabolism and Estrogens: Their Impact on Coronary Heart Disease
Current Medicinal Chemistry Endothelial Therapy of Atherosclerosis and its Risk Factors
Current Vascular Pharmacology Targeting Apoptotic Pathways in Myocardial Infarction: Attenuated by Phytochemicals
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Ghrelin as a Potential Anti-Obesity Target
Current Pharmaceutical Design Jak2 and Reactive Oxygen Species: A Complex Relationship
Current Chemical Biology Diabetes Mellitus: Novel Insights, Analysis and Interpretation of Pathophysiology and Complications Management with Imidazole-Containing Peptidomimetic Antioxidants
Recent Patents on Drug Delivery & Formulation Sesbania: A Prospective Candidate to be Excavated for Anticancer Drugs
The Natural Products Journal