Abstract
Fibrosis may represent the final step induced by autoimmune mechanism(s). This may be due to the excess in fibroblast recruitment, activation and differentiation in myofibroblasts. These events may be triggered by cytokines, chemokines and growth factors released by lymphocytes or macrophages. Autophagy is an essential conserved homeostatic process that has long been appreciated for cell adaptation to nutrient deprivation. Autophagy is also recognized as an important component of both innate and acquired immunity to pathogens. Recently, dysregulation of autophagy in haematopoietic cells has been suggested to amplify the autoimmune responses. On the other hand, it is possible that defective autophagy in non-haematopoietic cells contributes to the progression to fibrosis. In fibroblasts some alterations in the metabolic pathways and pharmacological data suggest that a defective autophagy could contribute to excess in the production of extracellular matrix by altering the turnover of protein such as collagen. Our goal in this review is to describe the current knowledge on the role of autophagy in the development of fibrotic autoimmune diseases. Further studies could confirm whether agents modulating autophagy may be used in the treatment of these autoimmune diseases.
Keywords: Autophagy, fibrosis, autoimmune diseases, systemic scleroderma, cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, collagen, inositol, chemotherapy
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: Defective Autophagy in Fibroblasts May Contribute to Fibrogenesis in Autoimmune Processes
Volume: 17 Issue: 35
Author(s): Domenico Del Principe, Rosa Vona, Luciana Giordani, Elisabetta Straface and Anna Maria Giammarioli
Affiliation:
Keywords: Autophagy, fibrosis, autoimmune diseases, systemic scleroderma, cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, collagen, inositol, chemotherapy
Abstract: Fibrosis may represent the final step induced by autoimmune mechanism(s). This may be due to the excess in fibroblast recruitment, activation and differentiation in myofibroblasts. These events may be triggered by cytokines, chemokines and growth factors released by lymphocytes or macrophages. Autophagy is an essential conserved homeostatic process that has long been appreciated for cell adaptation to nutrient deprivation. Autophagy is also recognized as an important component of both innate and acquired immunity to pathogens. Recently, dysregulation of autophagy in haematopoietic cells has been suggested to amplify the autoimmune responses. On the other hand, it is possible that defective autophagy in non-haematopoietic cells contributes to the progression to fibrosis. In fibroblasts some alterations in the metabolic pathways and pharmacological data suggest that a defective autophagy could contribute to excess in the production of extracellular matrix by altering the turnover of protein such as collagen. Our goal in this review is to describe the current knowledge on the role of autophagy in the development of fibrotic autoimmune diseases. Further studies could confirm whether agents modulating autophagy may be used in the treatment of these autoimmune diseases.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Del Principe Domenico, Vona Rosa, Giordani Luciana, Straface Elisabetta and Maria Giammarioli Anna, Defective Autophagy in Fibroblasts May Contribute to Fibrogenesis in Autoimmune Processes, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2011; 17 (35) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161211798357791
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161211798357791 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Trimetazidine: Does it Actually Reduce QT Dispersion After First Acute Myocardial Infarction?
Current Drug Therapy Use of Bromine-76 and Iodine-123 Radiohalogenated Tracers in the Drug Development Process
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Roles of MicroRNAs in Atherosclerosis
Current Medicinal Chemistry The Role of Oxidative Stress in Methamphetamine and MDMA-induced Toxicity
Mini-Reviews in Organic Chemistry Electrochemical-Based Biosensors: New Diagnosis Platforms for Cardiovascular Disease
Current Medicinal Chemistry Possible Therapeutic Targets in Cardiac Myocyte Apoptosis
Current Pharmaceutical Design SIRT1, a Calorie Restriction Mimetic, in a New Therapeutic Approach for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetic Vascular Complications
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets <sup>11</sup>C-mHED for PET / CT: Principles of Synthesis, Methodology and First Clinical Applications
Current Radiopharmaceuticals The Ubiquitin-Proteasome System as a Prospective Molecular Target for Cancer Treatment and Prevention
Current Protein & Peptide Science An In-Silico Investigation of Anti-Chagas Phytochemicals
Current Clinical Pharmacology Therapeutic and Protective Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Pharmaceutical Agents and Current Vaccines Against COVID-19
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy NGS Technologies as a Turning Point in Rare Disease Research , Diagnosis and Treatment
Current Medicinal Chemistry Autophagy and Cell Death in Caenorhabditis elegans
Current Pharmaceutical Design A Review on Novel Ligand Targeted Delivery for Cardiovascular Disorder
Current Drug Delivery Catheter Ablation of Lone Atrial Fibrillation
Current Pharmaceutical Design MicroRNA Regulation in Cardiovascular Disease
Current Drug Targets Wogonin and Alleviation of Hyperglycemia <i>via</i> Inhibition of DAG Mediated PKC Expression. A Brief Insight
Protein & Peptide Letters DNA-drug Conjugates for Site-specific Delivery in Anti-cancer Therapy
Current Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine Matricellular Proteins in Myocardial Infarction
Current Cardiology Reviews Role of Pharmacotherapy in Cardiac Ion Channelopathies
Current Vascular Pharmacology