Abstract
Interleukin-19 (IL-19) is a member of the IL-10 family of cytokines. The last ten years from the finding of IL-19, investigations underline the role of IL-19 in the immunological diseases. It is known that expression of IL-19 is increased in the epidermis of patients with psoriasis, which is a Th1 dominant disease. Increased concentration of IL-19 has also been found in the serum of patients with asthma, which is a Th2 dominant disease. There is an increasing body of data demonstrating that IL-19 is associated with the pathogenesis of both Th1 and Th2 dominant diseases. Regarding the role of IL-19 on the innate immunity and inflammation, interestingly, in vitro studies have shown that lipopolysaccharide can stimulate human monocytes and macrophages to upregulate the expression of IL-19. IL- 19 is upregulated in macrophages after infection and lessens inflammation by suppressing the production of tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6 and IL-12, but not by inducing IL-10. In addition, IL-19-deficient mice are susceptible to experimental colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate, a disease which is characterized by excessive inflammatory responses of local macrophages and epithelial cells to intestinal microflora. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of the role of IL-19 in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
Keywords: Immune system disease, cytokines, macrophage, T cell, keratinocyte, asthmas, inflammatory bowel disease, psoriases, B-cells, skin inflammation
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: IL-19 as a Potential Therapeutic in Autoimmune and Inflammatory Diseases
Volume: 17 Issue: 34
Author(s): Yasu-Taka Azuma, Hidemitsu Nakajima and Tadayoshi Takeuchi
Affiliation:
Keywords: Immune system disease, cytokines, macrophage, T cell, keratinocyte, asthmas, inflammatory bowel disease, psoriases, B-cells, skin inflammation
Abstract: Interleukin-19 (IL-19) is a member of the IL-10 family of cytokines. The last ten years from the finding of IL-19, investigations underline the role of IL-19 in the immunological diseases. It is known that expression of IL-19 is increased in the epidermis of patients with psoriasis, which is a Th1 dominant disease. Increased concentration of IL-19 has also been found in the serum of patients with asthma, which is a Th2 dominant disease. There is an increasing body of data demonstrating that IL-19 is associated with the pathogenesis of both Th1 and Th2 dominant diseases. Regarding the role of IL-19 on the innate immunity and inflammation, interestingly, in vitro studies have shown that lipopolysaccharide can stimulate human monocytes and macrophages to upregulate the expression of IL-19. IL- 19 is upregulated in macrophages after infection and lessens inflammation by suppressing the production of tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6 and IL-12, but not by inducing IL-10. In addition, IL-19-deficient mice are susceptible to experimental colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate, a disease which is characterized by excessive inflammatory responses of local macrophages and epithelial cells to intestinal microflora. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of the role of IL-19 in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
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Cite this article as:
Azuma Yasu-Taka, Nakajima Hidemitsu and Takeuchi Tadayoshi, IL-19 as a Potential Therapeutic in Autoimmune and Inflammatory Diseases, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2011; 17 (34) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161211798357845
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161211798357845 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
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