Abstract
Glioblastomas are highly lethal cancers for which conventional therapies provide only palliation. The cellular heterogeneity of glioblastomas is manifest in genetic and epigenetic variation with both stochastic and hierarchical models informing cellular phenotypes. At the apex of the hierarchy is a self-renewing, tumorigenic, cancer stem cell (CSC). The significance of CSCs is underscored by their resistance to cytotoxic therapies, invasive potential, and promotion of angiogenesis. Thus, targeting CSCs may offer therapeutic benefit and sensitize tumors to conventional treatment, demanding elucidation of CSC regulation. Attention has been paid to intrinsic cellular systems in CSCs, but recognition of extrinsic factors is evolving. Glioma stem cells (GSCs) are enriched in functional niches-prominently the perivascular space and hypoxic regions. These niches provide instructive cues to maintain GSCs and induce cellular plasticity towards a stem-like phenotype. GSC-maintaining niches may therefore offer novel therapeutic targets but also signal additional complexity with perhaps different pools of GSCs governed by different molecular mechanisms that must be targeted for tumor control.
Keywords: Glioma stem cell, cancer stem cell, microenvironment, glioma, vascular endothelial growth factor, stromal-derived factor 1, CD133, glycosylation, angiogenesis, digoxin
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: Glioma Stem Cell Maintenance: The Role of the Microenvironment
Volume: 17 Issue: 23
Author(s): John M. Heddleston, Masahiro Hitomi, Monica Venere, William A. Flavahan, Kenneth Yang, Youngmi Kim, Sana Minhas, Jeremy N. Rich and Anita B. Hjelmeland
Affiliation:
Keywords: Glioma stem cell, cancer stem cell, microenvironment, glioma, vascular endothelial growth factor, stromal-derived factor 1, CD133, glycosylation, angiogenesis, digoxin
Abstract: Glioblastomas are highly lethal cancers for which conventional therapies provide only palliation. The cellular heterogeneity of glioblastomas is manifest in genetic and epigenetic variation with both stochastic and hierarchical models informing cellular phenotypes. At the apex of the hierarchy is a self-renewing, tumorigenic, cancer stem cell (CSC). The significance of CSCs is underscored by their resistance to cytotoxic therapies, invasive potential, and promotion of angiogenesis. Thus, targeting CSCs may offer therapeutic benefit and sensitize tumors to conventional treatment, demanding elucidation of CSC regulation. Attention has been paid to intrinsic cellular systems in CSCs, but recognition of extrinsic factors is evolving. Glioma stem cells (GSCs) are enriched in functional niches-prominently the perivascular space and hypoxic regions. These niches provide instructive cues to maintain GSCs and induce cellular plasticity towards a stem-like phenotype. GSC-maintaining niches may therefore offer novel therapeutic targets but also signal additional complexity with perhaps different pools of GSCs governed by different molecular mechanisms that must be targeted for tumor control.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
M. Heddleston John, Hitomi Masahiro, Venere Monica, A. Flavahan William, Yang Kenneth, Kim Youngmi, Minhas Sana, N. Rich Jeremy and B. Hjelmeland Anita, Glioma Stem Cell Maintenance: The Role of the Microenvironment, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2011; 17 (23) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161211797249260
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161211797249260 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
KCa3.1 Channels and Glioblastoma: In Vitro Studies
Current Neuropharmacology Potential MicroRNA Targets for Cancer Chemotherapy
Current Medicinal Chemistry Meet Our Editorial Board Member
Current Drug Delivery P53 Family: At the Crossroads in Cancer Therapy
Current Medicinal Chemistry Novel Tri-substituted Thiazoles Bearing Piperazine Ring: Synthesis and Evaluation of their Anticancer Activity
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery The Emerging Role of Stereotactic Radiosurgery in the Treatment of Glioblastoma Multiforme
Current Radiopharmaceuticals Cannabis-Derived Substances in Cancer Therapy – An Emerging Anti- Inflammatory Role for the Cannabinoids
Current Clinical Pharmacology Preclinical Evidence on the Anticancer Properties of Food Peptides
Protein & Peptide Letters Biocatalytic Synthesis of Terpene Esters and their Biological Activity in Human Glioma Cells
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology The Design of Amphiphilic Polymeric Micelles of Curcumin for Cancer Management
Current Medicinal Chemistry Novel Implications for Lysophospholipids, Lysophosphatidic Acid and Sphingosine 1-Phosphate, as Drug Targets in Cancer
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Oncotarget Strategies For Herpes Simplex Virus-1
Current Gene Therapy Seizures and Anticonvulsants in Brain Tumours: Frequency, Mechanisms and Anti-Epileptic Management
Current Pharmaceutical Design Review on Documented Medicinal Plants used for the Treatment of Cancer
Current Traditional Medicine Targeted Tumor Immunotherapy: Are Vaccines the Future of Cancer Treatment?
Current Drug Therapy Tubulin Inhibitors: A Patent Survey
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery Hsp90: A Novel Target for Cancer Therapy
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Graphical Abstracts:
Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Expression and Single Nucleotide Polymorphism of Poly (ADPRibose) Polymerase-1 in Gastrointestinal Tumours: Clinical Involvement
Current Medicinal Chemistry Sulfonamides and Sulfonylated Derivatives as Anticancer Agents
Current Cancer Drug Targets