Abstract
Recent evidence highlights an important role of ghrelin in glucose homeostasis. In this review we provide a detailed summary of recent advances in this field. We describe the effects of ghrelin on all aspects of glucose homeostasis including glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, hepatic glucose production and insulin stimulated glucose disposal in the peripheral tissues. The existing evidence suggests ghrelin primarily inhibits insulin release from the pancreas and we highlight an important mechanism involving AMPK-UCP2 ATP-stimulated potassium channels and intracellular calcium regulation. Ghrelin increases hepatic glucose production and prevents glucose disposal in muscle and adipose tissues, which collectively leads to hyperglycemia and impaired glucose tolerance. We discuss the important role ghrelin plays in glucose homeostasis during different metabolic states. During severe calorie restriction, ghrelin increases blood glucose concentrations in order to maintain glucose homeostasis. In diet-induced obesity, ghrelin exacerbates hyperglycemia and promotes a diabetic phenotype.
Keywords: Des-acyl ghrelin, GOAT, Acyl ghrelin, Insulin sensitivity, GOAT, Glucose, Insulin, Pancreas, Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, Hyperglycemia, Hyperglycemia
Current Diabetes Reviews
Title: A Recent Update on the Role of Ghrelin in Glucose Homeostasis
Volume: 7 Issue: 3
Author(s): Dana I. Briggs and Zane B. Andrews
Affiliation:
Keywords: Des-acyl ghrelin, GOAT, Acyl ghrelin, Insulin sensitivity, GOAT, Glucose, Insulin, Pancreas, Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, Hyperglycemia, Hyperglycemia
Abstract: Recent evidence highlights an important role of ghrelin in glucose homeostasis. In this review we provide a detailed summary of recent advances in this field. We describe the effects of ghrelin on all aspects of glucose homeostasis including glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, hepatic glucose production and insulin stimulated glucose disposal in the peripheral tissues. The existing evidence suggests ghrelin primarily inhibits insulin release from the pancreas and we highlight an important mechanism involving AMPK-UCP2 ATP-stimulated potassium channels and intracellular calcium regulation. Ghrelin increases hepatic glucose production and prevents glucose disposal in muscle and adipose tissues, which collectively leads to hyperglycemia and impaired glucose tolerance. We discuss the important role ghrelin plays in glucose homeostasis during different metabolic states. During severe calorie restriction, ghrelin increases blood glucose concentrations in order to maintain glucose homeostasis. In diet-induced obesity, ghrelin exacerbates hyperglycemia and promotes a diabetic phenotype.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
I. Briggs Dana and B. Andrews Zane, A Recent Update on the Role of Ghrelin in Glucose Homeostasis, Current Diabetes Reviews 2011; 7 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157339911795843140
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157339911795843140 |
Print ISSN 1573-3998 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6417 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Fish and Apoptosis: Studies in Disease and Pharmaceutical Design
Current Pharmaceutical Design Expression of α6β4 and α3β1 Integrins in Bullous Pemphigoid and Pemphigus Vulgaris
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery Metallothioneins, Ageing and Cellular Senescence: A Future Therapeutic Target
Current Pharmaceutical Design Technologies for Translational Imaging Using Generators in Oncology
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery Electrical Impedance Scanning - A New Diagnostic Tool in Cancer Detection: Current Status and Recent Developments
Current Medical Imaging Repurposing of Metformin for Cancer Therapy: Updated Patent and Literature Review
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery γ-Tocotrienol Induces Apoptosis in Human T Cell Lymphoma through Activation of Both Intrinsic and Extrinsic Pathways
Current Pharmaceutical Design Role of Polyamines in Breast Cancer Growth, Development and Progression
Current Cancer Therapy Reviews The Endothelin Axis: A Novel Target for Pharmacotherapy of Female Malignancies
Current Vascular Pharmacology Safety of Multi-Targeted Kinase Inhibitors as Monotherapy Treatment of Cancer: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Current Drug Safety The Potential for Substance P Antagonists as Anti-Cancer Agents in Brain Tumours
Recent Patents on CNS Drug Discovery (Discontinued) New Target Therapies for Brain Metastases from Breast Cancer
Current Cancer Drug Targets Regenerative Medicine: Does Erythropoietin have a Role?
Current Pharmaceutical Design Accessing Cancer Metabolic Pathways by the Use of Microarray Technology
Current Pharmaceutical Design Autophagy and Cell Death in Caenorhabditis elegans
Current Pharmaceutical Design Clinical Consequences and Novel Therapy of Hyperphosphatemia: Lanthanum Carbonate for Dialysis Patients
Recent Patents on Cardiovascular Drug Discovery Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators Antagonize Apolipoprotein E4-Induced Cognitive Impairments
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery A Comprehensive Review on the Genetic Regulation of Cisplatin-induced Nephrotoxicity
Current Genomics Inhibition of Hyaluronan Synthase-3 Decreases Subcutaneous Colon Cancer Growth by Increasing Apoptosis
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry The Association between Tumor-associated Macrophages and Glioblastoma: A Potential Target for Therapy
Current Pharmaceutical Design