Abstract
Cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) is an inducible enzyme involved in the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandin and other eicosanoids. Molecular pathology studies have revealed that Cox-2 is over-expressed in cancer and stroma cells during tumor progression, and anti-cancer chemo-radiotherapies induce expression of Cox-2 in cancer cells. Elevated tumor Cox-2 is associated with increased angiogenesis, tumor invasion and promotion of tumor cell resistance to apoptosis. Several experimental and clinical studies have established potent anti-cancer activity of NSAID (Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) and other Cox-2 inhibitors such as celecoxib. Much attention is being focused on Cox-2 inhibitors as a beneficial target for cancer chemotherapy. The mode of action of Cox-2 and its inhibitors remains unclear. Further clinical application needs to be investigated for comprehending Cox-2 biological functions and establishing it as an effective target in cancer therapy.
Keywords: Cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2), apoptosis, angiogenesis, cancer, prostaglandin, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, celecoxib, enzyme, arachidonic acid
Current Drug Targets
Title: Biology of Cox-2: An Application in Cancer Therapeutics
Volume: 12 Issue: 7
Author(s): Zakir Khan, Noor Khan, Ram P. Tiwari, Nand K. Sah, GBKS Prasad and Prakash S. Bisen
Affiliation:
Keywords: Cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2), apoptosis, angiogenesis, cancer, prostaglandin, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, celecoxib, enzyme, arachidonic acid
Abstract: Cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) is an inducible enzyme involved in the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandin and other eicosanoids. Molecular pathology studies have revealed that Cox-2 is over-expressed in cancer and stroma cells during tumor progression, and anti-cancer chemo-radiotherapies induce expression of Cox-2 in cancer cells. Elevated tumor Cox-2 is associated with increased angiogenesis, tumor invasion and promotion of tumor cell resistance to apoptosis. Several experimental and clinical studies have established potent anti-cancer activity of NSAID (Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) and other Cox-2 inhibitors such as celecoxib. Much attention is being focused on Cox-2 inhibitors as a beneficial target for cancer chemotherapy. The mode of action of Cox-2 and its inhibitors remains unclear. Further clinical application needs to be investigated for comprehending Cox-2 biological functions and establishing it as an effective target in cancer therapy.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Khan Zakir, Khan Noor, P. Tiwari Ram, K. Sah Nand, Prasad GBKS and S. Bisen Prakash, Biology of Cox-2: An Application in Cancer Therapeutics, Current Drug Targets 2011; 12 (7) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138945011795677764
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138945011795677764 |
Print ISSN 1389-4501 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-5592 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Scutellaria Flavone Cyclaneaminol Mannich Base Derivatives as Novel CDK1 Inhibitors
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Paclitaxel Resistance: Molecular Mechanisms and Pharmacologic Manipulation
Current Cancer Drug Targets The Use of Cytokines and Chemokines in the Cancer Immunotherapy
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery Anti-Apoptotic Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in Cancer
Current Cancer Drug Targets Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase, an Emerging Target for Anti-Cancer Therapy
Current Cancer Drug Targets Design of Selectively Activated Anticancer Prodrugs: Elimination and Cyclization Strategies
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Cancer Agents Honey as a Source of Dietary Antioxidants: Structures, Bioavailability and Evidence of Protective Effects Against Human Chronic Diseases
Current Medicinal Chemistry Pharmacologic Therapy for Cardiovascular Risk Reduction in Patients with the Metabolic Syndrome
Current Pharmaceutical Design Redox Homeostasis, Bioactive Agents and Transduction Therapy
Current Signal Transduction Therapy Identification and Analysis of RNA Editing Events in Ovarian Serous Cystadenoma Using RNA-seq Data
Current Gene Therapy Defining and Managing Expectations for Early Immunotherapy Cancer Trials
Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials LPTS: A Novel Tumor Suppressor Gene and a Promising Drug Target for Cancer Intervention
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> ATPase Inhibitors in Cancer
Current Drug Targets Molecular and Genetic Profiling of Prostate Cancer: Implications for Future Therapy
Current Cancer Therapy Reviews Recent Trends in Glycodendrimer Syntheses and Applications
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Therapeutic Application of Natural Medicine Monomers in Cancer Treatment
Current Medicinal Chemistry Use of Insulin and Insulin Analogs and Risk of Cancer — Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies
Current Drug Safety Treatment of Chronic Pain with Drugs that Modulate Central Nervous System Serotonin and Norepinephrine
Current Drug Therapy Targeting the HIF-1α/Cav-1 Pathway with a Chicory Extract/Daidzein Combination Plays a Potential Role in Retarding Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Current Cancer Drug Targets Targeting Gene Therapy for Prostate Cancer
Current Pharmaceutical Design