Abstract
The discovery of new biomarkers is a rapidly advancing area in cancer biology. The challenge of biomarker development for broad clinical use requires the translation of lab-based knowledge into clinical practice. The Long Interspersed Nuclear Elements-1 (LINE-1s or L1 elements) are active members of an autonomous family of non-LTR retrotransposons and occupy nearly 17% of the human genome. There is strong experimental evidence that the global hypomethylation of genomic DNA in cancer cells results in the activation of L1s and their expression is detectable at genome, transcriptome and proteome levels in human cancer cells. Thus, human L1s constitute a potential marker for cancer cells. In this review we have attempted to scrutinize L1 expression profiles in clinical cancer studies by undertaking a comprehensive systematic analysis of papers published in the field so far with a view to providing a more complete picture of the detection methods used, improvements achieved and potential future directions. Ultimately, we will try to evaluate the potential of L1s as a molecular marker in cancer detection.
Keywords: Human, LINE-1, L1 element, retrotransposon, cancer, biomarker, detection, screening techniques, genome, remnants, reverse transcriptase, junk DNA, polymorphism, mutagenesis, anticancer therapy
Current Molecular Medicine
Title: The Human L1 Element: A Potential Biomarker in Cancer Prognosis, Current Status and Future Directions
Volume: 11 Issue: 4
Author(s): O. Piskareva, W. Lackington, D. Lemass, C. Hendrick, P. Doolan and N. Barron
Affiliation:
Keywords: Human, LINE-1, L1 element, retrotransposon, cancer, biomarker, detection, screening techniques, genome, remnants, reverse transcriptase, junk DNA, polymorphism, mutagenesis, anticancer therapy
Abstract: The discovery of new biomarkers is a rapidly advancing area in cancer biology. The challenge of biomarker development for broad clinical use requires the translation of lab-based knowledge into clinical practice. The Long Interspersed Nuclear Elements-1 (LINE-1s or L1 elements) are active members of an autonomous family of non-LTR retrotransposons and occupy nearly 17% of the human genome. There is strong experimental evidence that the global hypomethylation of genomic DNA in cancer cells results in the activation of L1s and their expression is detectable at genome, transcriptome and proteome levels in human cancer cells. Thus, human L1s constitute a potential marker for cancer cells. In this review we have attempted to scrutinize L1 expression profiles in clinical cancer studies by undertaking a comprehensive systematic analysis of papers published in the field so far with a view to providing a more complete picture of the detection methods used, improvements achieved and potential future directions. Ultimately, we will try to evaluate the potential of L1s as a molecular marker in cancer detection.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Piskareva O., Lackington W., Lemass D., Hendrick C., Doolan P. and Barron N., The Human L1 Element: A Potential Biomarker in Cancer Prognosis, Current Status and Future Directions, Current Molecular Medicine 2011; 11 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156652411795677954
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156652411795677954 |
Print ISSN 1566-5240 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5666 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
The Role of PET/CT and SPECT/CT in Oncology Drug Development
Current Molecular Imaging (Discontinued) Cellular Functions of RNA-Binding Motif Protein 3 (RBM3): Clues in Hypothermia, Cancer Biology and Apoptosis
Protein & Peptide Letters Treatment of PSA only Recurrence of Prostate Cancer After Prior Local Therapy
Current Pharmaceutical Design Patents on Immunotoxins and Chimeric Toxins for the Treatment of Cancer
Recent Patents on Drug Delivery & Formulation Review of the Biological Activity of Maslinic Acid
Current Drug Targets Comparison of the Structure and Biological Activities of Wild-type and Mutant Liver-targeting Peptide Modified Recombinant Human Endostatin (rES-CSP) in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma HepG2 Cells
Protein & Peptide Letters Neurophysiological Mechanisms Related to Pain Management in Bone Tumors
Current Neuropharmacology Celastrol Inhibits the Proliferation and Decreases Drug Resistance of Cisplatin- Resistant Gastric Cancer SGC7901/DDP Cells
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Zebrafish Model in Drug Safety Assessment
Current Pharmaceutical Design Human Aurora / Ipl1p Related Kinases
Current Genomics A Review of Animal and Human Studies for Management of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia with Natural Products: Perspective of New Pharmacological Agents
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) KSP Inhibitors as Antimitotic Agents
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Exploring a Novel Target Treatment on Breast Cancer: Aloe-emodin Mediated Photodynamic Therapy Induced Cell Apoptosis and Inhibited Cell Metastasis
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Basic Approaches in Therapy of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and Related Diseases: Current Achievement and Prospective
Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry TRAIL Gene Therapy: From Preclinical Development to Clinical Application
Current Gene Therapy Targeted Drug Delivery and Imaging Using Mobile Milli/Microrobots: A Promising Future Towards Theranostic Pharmaceutical Design
Current Pharmaceutical Design Lycopene Modulation of Molecular Targets Affected by Smoking Exposure
Current Cancer Drug Targets Recent Progress on Anti-Liver Fibrosis Candidates in Patents of Herbal Medicinal Products
Recent Patents on Food, Nutrition & Agriculture Cause and Consequences of Genetic and Epigenetic Alterations in Human Cancer
Current Genomics Regulation of EMT by Notch Signaling Pathway in Tumor Progression
Current Cancer Drug Targets