Abstract
The discovery of new biomarkers is a rapidly advancing area in cancer biology. The challenge of biomarker development for broad clinical use requires the translation of lab-based knowledge into clinical practice. The Long Interspersed Nuclear Elements-1 (LINE-1s or L1 elements) are active members of an autonomous family of non-LTR retrotransposons and occupy nearly 17% of the human genome. There is strong experimental evidence that the global hypomethylation of genomic DNA in cancer cells results in the activation of L1s and their expression is detectable at genome, transcriptome and proteome levels in human cancer cells. Thus, human L1s constitute a potential marker for cancer cells. In this review we have attempted to scrutinize L1 expression profiles in clinical cancer studies by undertaking a comprehensive systematic analysis of papers published in the field so far with a view to providing a more complete picture of the detection methods used, improvements achieved and potential future directions. Ultimately, we will try to evaluate the potential of L1s as a molecular marker in cancer detection.
Keywords: Human, LINE-1, L1 element, retrotransposon, cancer, biomarker, detection, screening techniques, genome, remnants, reverse transcriptase, junk DNA, polymorphism, mutagenesis, anticancer therapy
Current Molecular Medicine
Title: The Human L1 Element: A Potential Biomarker in Cancer Prognosis, Current Status and Future Directions
Volume: 11 Issue: 4
Author(s): O. Piskareva, W. Lackington, D. Lemass, C. Hendrick, P. Doolan and N. Barron
Affiliation:
Keywords: Human, LINE-1, L1 element, retrotransposon, cancer, biomarker, detection, screening techniques, genome, remnants, reverse transcriptase, junk DNA, polymorphism, mutagenesis, anticancer therapy
Abstract: The discovery of new biomarkers is a rapidly advancing area in cancer biology. The challenge of biomarker development for broad clinical use requires the translation of lab-based knowledge into clinical practice. The Long Interspersed Nuclear Elements-1 (LINE-1s or L1 elements) are active members of an autonomous family of non-LTR retrotransposons and occupy nearly 17% of the human genome. There is strong experimental evidence that the global hypomethylation of genomic DNA in cancer cells results in the activation of L1s and their expression is detectable at genome, transcriptome and proteome levels in human cancer cells. Thus, human L1s constitute a potential marker for cancer cells. In this review we have attempted to scrutinize L1 expression profiles in clinical cancer studies by undertaking a comprehensive systematic analysis of papers published in the field so far with a view to providing a more complete picture of the detection methods used, improvements achieved and potential future directions. Ultimately, we will try to evaluate the potential of L1s as a molecular marker in cancer detection.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Piskareva O., Lackington W., Lemass D., Hendrick C., Doolan P. and Barron N., The Human L1 Element: A Potential Biomarker in Cancer Prognosis, Current Status and Future Directions, Current Molecular Medicine 2011; 11 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156652411795677954
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156652411795677954 |
Print ISSN 1566-5240 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5666 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Gene Silencing in the Development of Personalized Cancer Treatment: The Targets, the Agents and the Delivery Systems
Current Gene Therapy Statins and Cancer
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Angiogenesis Inhibitors and Radiation in Multimodality Cancer Therapy: Preclinical and Clinical Studies
Current Angiogenesis (Discontinued) Bone Metastases Radiopharmaceuticals: An Overview
Current Radiopharmaceuticals Estrogen Receptor Beta in Cancer: an Attractive Target for Therapy
Current Pharmaceutical Design Cell Penetrating Peptides for In Vivo Molecular Imaging Applications
Current Pharmaceutical Design HSV-1-Derived Recombinant and Amplicon Vectors for Gene Transfer and Gene Therapy
Current Gene Therapy Recent Patents on Novel P2X7 Receptor Antagonists and their Potential for Reducing Central Nervous System Inflammation
Recent Patents on CNS Drug Discovery (Discontinued) MR Imaging Findings of Uterine Cervical Carcinoma
Current Medical Imaging Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Important Biomarkers and their Significance in Molecular Diagnostics and Therapy
Current Medicinal Chemistry Purinergic Signalling: What is Missing and Needed Next? The Use of Transgenic Mice, Crystallographic Analysis and MicroRNA
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Prospects for Plant-Derived Chemopreventive Agents Exhibiting Multiple Mechanisms of Action
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Cancer Agents Role of Thymidine Phosphorylase in Biomodulation of Fluoropyrimidines
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Classical and Innovative Insulin Sensitizing Drugs for the Prevention and Treatment of NAFLD
Current Pharmaceutical Design A Combined Approach with Rituximab Plus Anti-TRAIL-R Agonistic Antibodies for the Treatment of Haematological Malignancies
Current Pharmaceutical Design Patented Biomarkers of Peripheral Blood for the Early Detection of Cancer
Recent Patents on Biomarkers Nucleic Acid Carrier Systems Based on Polyethylenimine Conjugates for the Treatment of Metastatic Tumors
Current Medicinal Chemistry In Vitro High Throughput Phage Display Selection of Ovarian Cancer Avid Phage Clones for Near-Infrared Optical Imaging
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening Patent Selections
Recent Patents on Regenerative Medicine Can Medical Therapy Fix Sexual Dysfunction after Major Pelvic and Prostate Surgery and does it Work for Kidney Stones? Chemotherapy before Cystectomy, New Schemes for which Patients?
Current Drug Targets