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Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1871-5257
ISSN (Online): 1875-6182

Inflammatory Reactions and Hydrocortisone in the Setting of Cardiac Surgery: An Overview

Author(s): Jens Heyn, Andres Beiras-Fernandez, Benjamin Luchting, Josef Briegel and Florian Weis

Volume 9, Issue 1, 2011

Page: [56 - 61] Pages: 6

DOI: 10.2174/187152511794182800

Price: $65

Abstract

Cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is associated with activation of the complement system, platelets, neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages which may lead to systemic inflammatory response syndrome in several cases. Despite modification of surgical techniques, biocompatibility of the bypass circuit and intensive care procedures after operation, CPB is still associated with post-operative morbidity including reduced cardiac function, capillary leak or multi-organ dysfunction. Corticosteroids are known for their anti-inflammatory effects and therefore, they are beneficial in selected trauma or septic patients. Prophylaxis with corticosteroids in cardiac surgery has been used since decades. The studies for methylprednisolone and hydrocortisone, the most commonly used corticosteroids, show conflicting results. For hydrocortisone, which is the mainstream of corticosteroid treatment in septic patients, the number of studies is low, but will increase in the next years. This article reviews the data concerning its use in patients undergoing cardiac surgery, its contraindications, adverse effects, risks, and benefits.

Keywords: Cardiac surgery, hydrocortisone, inflammation, systemic immune response syndrome, atrial fibrillation, posttraumatic stress disorder, Inflammatory Reactions, cardiopulmonary bypass, platelets, neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, systemic inflammatory response syndrome, Corticosteroids, Prophylaxis, methylprednisolone, blood transfusion, neurocognitive dysfunction, interleukin, tumour necrosis factor, bradykinin, Myocardial ischaemia, ionic homeostasis, aprotinin, pentoxiphylline, pro-inflammatory cytokines, pancreatitis, Catecholamine Therapy, Open heart surgery

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