Abstract
Natural products have served as major sources of drugs for centuries, and about half of the pharmaceuticals in use today are derived from natural products. Therefore, screening and analysis of the bioactive components in medicinal plants are now indispensable for the discovery of new drugs and quality control of plant pharmaceuticals. Sample preparation is essential for isolating desired components from complex matrices and greatly influences the reliable and accurate analysis of plant-derived medicines. This review will summarize current trends in sample preparation techniques for the analysis of plant-derived medicines, focusing primarily on newly developed techniques, such as ultrasonic extraction (USE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), pressurized-liquid extraction (PLE), supercritical- fluid extraction (SFE), solid-phase extraction (SPE), solid-phase microextraction (SPME), and liquid-phase microextraction (LPME). The general characteristics and applications of each method in the analysis of plant-derived medicines are described.
Keywords: Medicinal plants, Traditional Chinese medicines, Microwave-assisted extraction, Pressurized-liquid extraction, Supercritical-fluid extraction, Solid-phase extraction, Solid-phase microextraction, Liquid-phase microextraction, bioactive components, ultrasonic extraction (USE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), pressurized-liquid extraction (PLE), supercritical-fluid extraction (SFE), solid-phase extraction (SPE), solid-phase microextraction (SPME), liquid-phase microextraction (LPME), High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography (GC), supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC), high-speed countercurrent chromatography (HSCCC), capillary electrophoresis (CE), finger print analysis (FA), ultraviolet (UV) spectrometry, fluorescence (FL) spectrometry, evaporative light scattering (ELS) spectrometry, mass spectrometry (MS), tandem mass spectrometry (MS-MS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Optimal solid, –, liquid extraction (SLE), freeze-dried, Soxhlet extraction, liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), microwave distillation (MD), pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE), matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), plant-derived medicines, antioxidant properties, superheated water extraction (SWE), CO2-based fluids
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances of Heterocyclic Chemistry with Pesticide Activity
Global food safety and security will continue to be a global concern for the next 50 years and beyond. Plant diseases have had a significant impact on food safety and security throughout the entire food chain, from primary production to consumption. While conventional chemical pesticides have been traditionally used for ...read more
Calculation design of covalent/metal organic framework based catalysts
This research area combines theoretical computation and screening with machine learning for the design of covalent/metal organic framework-based catalysts, bridging the disciplines of organic chemistry, physical chemistry, computational chemistry, materials science, and machine learning. It covers several critical aspects: designing and synthesizing organic catalysts for improved performance, applying computational methods ...read more
Carbohydrates conversion in biofuels and bioproducts
Biomass pretreatment, hydrolysis, and saccharification of carbohydrates, and sugars bioconversion in biofuels and bioproducts within a biorefinery framework. Carbohydrates derived from woody biomass, agricultural wastes, algae, sewage sludge, or any other lignocellulosic feedstock are included in this issue. Simulation, techno-economic analysis, and life cycle analysis of a biorefinery process are ...read more
Catalytic C-H bond activation as a tool for functionalization of heterocycles
The major topic is the functionalization of heterocycles through catalyzed C-H bond activation. The strategies based on C-H activation not only provide straightforward formation of C-C or C-X bonds but, more importantly, allow for the avoidance of pre-functionalization of one or two of the cross-coupling partners. The beneficial impact of ...read more
Related Books
Advances in Organic Synthesis
The Synthetic Methods, Structures, and Properties of the Ca-C σ Bond Organocalcium Containing Compounds
Advances in Organic Synthesis
Chemistry of Bipyrazoles: Synthesis and Applications
Advances in Organic Synthesis
Advanced Nanocatalysis for Organic Synthesis and Electroanalysis
Advances in Organic Synthesis
Advances in Organic Synthesis
22