Abstract
Indirect effects of 3,4-Methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine (MDMA) and metabolites on the cardiac cells are well-known, the mechanism(s) underlying direct MDMA-induced cardiotoxicity remaining to be clarified. To better understand the immuno-inflammatory phenomena accompanying the cardiac alterations during MDMA administration, we conducted a study in an in vivo animal model to evaluate the cellular morphological alterations related to the biological response between MDMA administration and inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-1β, IL-6, 8, 10, and monocyte chemotactic protein-1). A total of 25 male rats were used. The effects were evaluated at 6, 16 and 24hours after a single dose MDMA administered (20 mg/kg i.p.). We found high levels of the cardioinhibitory cytokines in rat heart after 3 and 6hs from MDMA administration. Strongest reaction was observed at 24hs for TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, 8, 10 and for MCP-1. Furthermore, we still determined the presence of MDMA and MDA in the plasma of rats treated with MDMA intra-peritoneal single injection; it was present as early at 6hs and still present 24hs after treatment. Western blot analysis in cardiac samples demonstrated the IL-1β and IL-6 reactions in rats died spontaneously at fourth hour. The rise of the selective cardioinhibitory cytokines may be interpreted as the adaptive response of jeopardized myocardium to the cardiac dysfunction resulting from MDMA injection.
Keywords: Cytochines, ecstasy, myocardial necrosis, rat model, interleukins, cytokines
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
Title: Myocardial Expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and MCP-1 After a Single MDMA Dose Administered in a Rat Model
Volume: 11 Issue: 5
Author(s): Margherita Neri, Stefania Bello, Alessandro Bonsignore, Fabio Centini, Carmela Fiore, Zeno Foldes-Papp, Emanuela Turillazzi and Vittorio Fineschi
Affiliation:
Keywords: Cytochines, ecstasy, myocardial necrosis, rat model, interleukins, cytokines
Abstract: Indirect effects of 3,4-Methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine (MDMA) and metabolites on the cardiac cells are well-known, the mechanism(s) underlying direct MDMA-induced cardiotoxicity remaining to be clarified. To better understand the immuno-inflammatory phenomena accompanying the cardiac alterations during MDMA administration, we conducted a study in an in vivo animal model to evaluate the cellular morphological alterations related to the biological response between MDMA administration and inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-1β, IL-6, 8, 10, and monocyte chemotactic protein-1). A total of 25 male rats were used. The effects were evaluated at 6, 16 and 24hours after a single dose MDMA administered (20 mg/kg i.p.). We found high levels of the cardioinhibitory cytokines in rat heart after 3 and 6hs from MDMA administration. Strongest reaction was observed at 24hs for TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, 8, 10 and for MCP-1. Furthermore, we still determined the presence of MDMA and MDA in the plasma of rats treated with MDMA intra-peritoneal single injection; it was present as early at 6hs and still present 24hs after treatment. Western blot analysis in cardiac samples demonstrated the IL-1β and IL-6 reactions in rats died spontaneously at fourth hour. The rise of the selective cardioinhibitory cytokines may be interpreted as the adaptive response of jeopardized myocardium to the cardiac dysfunction resulting from MDMA injection.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Neri Margherita, Bello Stefania, Bonsignore Alessandro, Centini Fabio, Fiore Carmela, Foldes-Papp Zeno, Turillazzi Emanuela and Fineschi Vittorio, Myocardial Expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and MCP-1 After a Single MDMA Dose Administered in a Rat Model, Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 2010; 11 (5) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920110791591517
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920110791591517 |
Print ISSN 1389-2010 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4316 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Artificial Intelligence in Bioinformatics
Bioinformatics is an interdisciplinary field that analyzes and explores biological data. This field combines biology and information system. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has attracted great attention as it tries to replicate human intelligence. It has become common technology for analyzing and solving complex data and problems and encompasses sub-fields of machine ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Metabolic and Cardiovascular Ageing Indices in Relation to Glycated Haemoglobin in Healthy and Diabetic Subjects
Current Aging Science Potential Anti-cancer Drugs Commonly Used for Other Indications
Current Cancer Drug Targets New Proposals for Testing Drugs with IKr-Blocking Activity to Determine Their Teratogenic Potential
Current Pharmaceutical Design Endocrine Orchestration of Cardiovascular, Gastrointestinal and Hypothalamic Control
Current Medicinal Chemistry A New Metabotropic Role for L-type Ca2+ Channels in Vascular Smooth Muscle Contraction
Current Vascular Pharmacology QT Dispersion and Age; Independent Predictors of Restenosis after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials On the Analysis of Fingertip Photoplethysmogram Signals
Current Cardiology Reviews Chinese Medicinal Herbs as Source of Antioxidant Compounds – Where Tradition Meets the Future
Current Medicinal Chemistry Molecular Predictors of Drug-induced Prolongation of the QT Interval
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents Editorial: Recent News on Statins for the Treatment of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis
Current Vascular Pharmacology A PHACES Syndrome Unmasked by Propranolol Interruption in a Tetralogy of Fallot Patient: Case Report and Extensive Review on New Indications of Beta Blockers
Current Medicinal Chemistry Obstructive Sleep Apnea as an Independent Stroke Risk Factor: Possible Mechanisms
Current Molecular Medicine ACE2 and Diabetic Complications
Current Pharmaceutical Design Vascular Effects of Antiarrhythmic Drugs and the Roles of K+ Channels
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents Autoimmune Diseases and Atherosclerosis: The Inflammatory Connection
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) Efficacy and Complications of Subcutaneous <i>versus</i> Conventional Cardioverter Defibrillators: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Current Cardiology Reviews Recent Progress in Pharmacological Research of Antioxidants in Pathological Conditions: Cardiovascular Health
Recent Patents on Anti-Infective Drug Discovery Pre-hospital Fibrinolysis in the Management of Patients with ST Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome: Review of the Evidence, Implementation and Future Directions
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets Augmentation of Creatine in the Heart
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Novel uses of Imaging in AF Ablation
Recent Patents on Cardiovascular Drug Discovery