Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is considered to be an autoimmune disease leading to inflammatory demyelination and axonal damage in the central nervous system (CNS). Current treatments involve non-specific immunosuppression and immunomodulation. The development of monoclonal antibodies for therapeutic use allows targeting of specific immune mechanisms. Natalizumab, a monoclonal antibody directed against α4β1 integrin that plays a crucial role in the transmigration of immune cells across the blood-brain-barrier, has been licensed for relapsing-remitting (RR) MS in 2006. Rituximab, directed against CD20 expressed on pre B-cells and B-cells has been tested successfully in a phase II trial and suggests that several B-cell dependent mechanisms may be relevant to the mode of action. Alemtuzumab, targeting CD52 expressed on T-cells, B-cells, monocytes and macrophages, has also shown to be effective in early RRMS and phase III trials are currently ongoing. Daclizumab binds to CD25, the alpha chain of the interleukin (IL)-2 receptor, and is also being tested for RRMS. Beside the clinical data the results from these clinical trials give also new insights into the pathogenesis of MS. We critically discuss the potential but also the pitfalls and potential hazards of these new therapeutic strategies.
Keywords: Monoclonal antibodies, multiple sclerosis
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Specific Immune Intervention with Monoclonal Antibodies for the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis
Volume: 17 Issue: 7
Author(s): Corinna Trebst, Elke Voß, Thomas Skripuletz and Martin Stangel
Affiliation:
Keywords: Monoclonal antibodies, multiple sclerosis
Abstract: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is considered to be an autoimmune disease leading to inflammatory demyelination and axonal damage in the central nervous system (CNS). Current treatments involve non-specific immunosuppression and immunomodulation. The development of monoclonal antibodies for therapeutic use allows targeting of specific immune mechanisms. Natalizumab, a monoclonal antibody directed against α4β1 integrin that plays a crucial role in the transmigration of immune cells across the blood-brain-barrier, has been licensed for relapsing-remitting (RR) MS in 2006. Rituximab, directed against CD20 expressed on pre B-cells and B-cells has been tested successfully in a phase II trial and suggests that several B-cell dependent mechanisms may be relevant to the mode of action. Alemtuzumab, targeting CD52 expressed on T-cells, B-cells, monocytes and macrophages, has also shown to be effective in early RRMS and phase III trials are currently ongoing. Daclizumab binds to CD25, the alpha chain of the interleukin (IL)-2 receptor, and is also being tested for RRMS. Beside the clinical data the results from these clinical trials give also new insights into the pathogenesis of MS. We critically discuss the potential but also the pitfalls and potential hazards of these new therapeutic strategies.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Trebst Corinna, Voß Elke, Skripuletz Thomas and Stangel Martin, Specific Immune Intervention with Monoclonal Antibodies for the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2010; 17 (7) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986710790416245
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986710790416245 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Approaches to the treatment of chronic inflammation
Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of numerous diseases, significantly impacting global health. Although chronic inflammation is a hot topic, not much has been written about approaches to its treatment. This thematic issue aims to showcase the latest advancements in chronic inflammation treatment and foster discussion on future directions in this ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Psychoneuroimmunology - Psyche and Autoimmunity
Current Pharmaceutical Design Use of Synbiotics for Ulcerative Colitis Treatment
Current Clinical Pharmacology The Prevalence of the Classical and Non-Classical Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Multiple Sclerosis Patients
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Effects of Secondhand Smoke on Thyroid Function
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) Molecular Mimicry in Autoimmune Neurological Disease after Viral Infection
Current Medicinal Chemistry Cytokines as Novel Therapeutic Agents for Neuroinflammatory Disorders: A Role for Interferon-β in the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Central Nervous System Agents MICA Gene and Relevance to Immune Responses in Organ Transplants and Inflammatory, Tumoral and Autoimmune Diseases
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) Autoantibody-Induced Formation of Immune Complexes in Normal Human Serum
Current Pharmaceutical Design B-Cell Based Gene Therapy for Autoimmune Diseases
Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets Novel Molecular Targets for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Current Drug Targets The Ca2+-Activated K+ Channel of Intermediate Conductance:A Molecular Target for Novel Treatments?
Current Drug Targets Endothelial Chemokines in Autoimmune Disease
Current Pharmaceutical Design Generation and Characterization of a Functional Nanobody Against Inflammatory Chemokine CXCL10, as a Novel Strategy for the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Microbes, Immunity and Multiple Sclerosis
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) Case-control Association Study of Autoimmunity Associated Variants in PDCD1 and Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Current Rheumatology Reviews Metabolic Changes in Autoimmune Diseases
Current Drug Discovery Technologies Current Immune Therapies of Autoimmune Disease of the Nervous System with Special Emphasis to Multiple Sclerosis
Current Pharmaceutical Design New Therapies in SLE
Recent Patents on Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery Impact of Hydroxyl Radical Modified-Human Serum Albumin Autoantigens in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Current Protein & Peptide Science Autoimmune Diseases and Infections: A Controversial Relationship
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued)