Abstract
The Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II locus is the primary genetic linkage to autoimmune diseases. Susceptibility to each such disease is linked to different alleles, with a few alleles showing also dominant protection. The design of vaccines for autoimmune diseases is a long sought-after goal. As knowledge about the pathogenesis of these diseases has increased, the tools for such an approach have of necessity been refined. We review below the structural essence of MHC II-linked autoimmune diseases which centers on the binding of antigenic peptides to the disease-linked MHC II proteins, and the consequent activation of cognate TCRs from pathogenic CD4+ T cells. The state of affairs in two organ-specific autoimmune diseases, type 1 diabetes, celiac disease are covered, including attempts to treat these via antigen-specific MHC II-guided measures. We offer a couple of testable suggestions as to how this approach could be improved.
Keywords: APL, autoimmunity, HLA, MHC, vaccines
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: Use of MHC II Structural Features in the Design of Vaccines for Organ-Specific Autoimmune Diseases
Volume: 15 Issue: 28
Author(s): Antonis K. Moustakas and George K. Papadopoulos
Affiliation:
Keywords: APL, autoimmunity, HLA, MHC, vaccines
Abstract: The Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II locus is the primary genetic linkage to autoimmune diseases. Susceptibility to each such disease is linked to different alleles, with a few alleles showing also dominant protection. The design of vaccines for autoimmune diseases is a long sought-after goal. As knowledge about the pathogenesis of these diseases has increased, the tools for such an approach have of necessity been refined. We review below the structural essence of MHC II-linked autoimmune diseases which centers on the binding of antigenic peptides to the disease-linked MHC II proteins, and the consequent activation of cognate TCRs from pathogenic CD4+ T cells. The state of affairs in two organ-specific autoimmune diseases, type 1 diabetes, celiac disease are covered, including attempts to treat these via antigen-specific MHC II-guided measures. We offer a couple of testable suggestions as to how this approach could be improved.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Moustakas K. Antonis and Papadopoulos K. George, Use of MHC II Structural Features in the Design of Vaccines for Organ-Specific Autoimmune Diseases, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2009; 15 (28) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161209789105117
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161209789105117 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Cannabinoids, Immune System and Cytokine Network
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Role of Mitochondria in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Glimpse of Various Pathogenetic Mechanisms
Current Medicinal Chemistry Idiopathic Transverse Myelitis and Neuromyelitis Optica: Clinical Profiles,Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Choices
Current Neuropharmacology Methotrexate in the Treatment of Psoriasis and Rheumatoid Arthritis: Mechanistic Insights, Current Issues and Novel Delivery Approaches
Current Pharmaceutical Design Implication of CD154/CD40 Interaction in Healthy and Autoimmune Responses
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) CXXC5 Associates with Smads to Mediate TNF-α Induced Apoptosis
Current Molecular Medicine Gene Therapy Using IL-12 Family Members in Infection, Auto-Immunity, and Cancer
Current Gene Therapy CRP and Anti-CRP Autoantibodies in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Current Rheumatology Reviews Manipulating Thymic Apoptosis for Future Therapy of Autoimmune Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design Celastrol and Terpenes as Anti-Infective Agents
Anti-Infective Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Pharmacokinetic and Toxicological Characteristics of Tripterigium Glycosides and Their Derivatives
Current Drug Metabolism Psychoneuroimmunology - Psyche and Autoimmunity
Current Pharmaceutical Design siRNA Delivery Using Nanocarriers – An Efficient Tool for Gene Silencing
Current Gene Therapy Small Molecule Inhibitors of Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase (PI3K) δ and γ
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Molecular Mimicry in Autoimmune Neurological Disease after Viral Infection
Current Medicinal Chemistry Negative Regulation of TCR Signaling in Immunological Tolerance: Taming Good and Evil
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) The Medical Functions of Probiotics and Their Role in Clinical Nutrition
Current Nutrition & Food Science The Central Role of Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme in Vertebrate Pathophysiology
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry The Impact of Self-Assembly in Medicine and Pharmacology
Current Pharmaceutical Analysis Modulation of Hepatocyte Apoptosis: Cross-talk Between Bile Acids and Nuclear Steroid Receptors
Current Medicinal Chemistry