Abstract
Brain is a delicate organ, isolated from general circulation and characterized by the presence of relatively impermeable endothelial cells with tight junctions, enzymatic activity and the presence of active efflux transporter mechanisms. These formidable obstacles often block drug delivery to the brain across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Although several promising molecules have the potential in the in vitro settings but lack of in vivo response is probably because the molecule cannot reach the brain in a sufficient concentration. Drug delivery across the BBB is a major limitation in the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) disorders and CNS infections. This review deals with the role of nanobiotechnology in CNS drug delivery, in which three categories of carbon nanotubes, nanowires and nanoparticles (NPs) are explained. The small size of the NPs makes them an ideal choice to penetrate the BBB. Several mechanisms are involved in this process and various strategies are used. There are some concerns about the safety of NP entry in the brain that need to be resolved before human use. Although there is no approved nanotechnology-based CNS drug available the future for such neuronanobiotechnology based delivery system developments is promising.
Keywords: Blood-brain barrier, nanotechnology, drug delivery, inflammatory diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, multiple sclerosis
Current Nanoscience
Title: Promises of Nanotechnology for Drug Delivery to Brain in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Volume: 5 Issue: 1
Author(s): Sara Baratchi, Rupinder Kaur Kanwar, Khashayar Khoshmanesh, Punj Vasu, Chauhan Ashok, Matta Hittu, Andrew Parratt, Subramanian Krishnakumar, Xueying Sun, Sanjeeb K. Sahoo and Jagat Rakesh Kanwar
Affiliation:
Keywords: Blood-brain barrier, nanotechnology, drug delivery, inflammatory diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, multiple sclerosis
Abstract: Brain is a delicate organ, isolated from general circulation and characterized by the presence of relatively impermeable endothelial cells with tight junctions, enzymatic activity and the presence of active efflux transporter mechanisms. These formidable obstacles often block drug delivery to the brain across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Although several promising molecules have the potential in the in vitro settings but lack of in vivo response is probably because the molecule cannot reach the brain in a sufficient concentration. Drug delivery across the BBB is a major limitation in the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) disorders and CNS infections. This review deals with the role of nanobiotechnology in CNS drug delivery, in which three categories of carbon nanotubes, nanowires and nanoparticles (NPs) are explained. The small size of the NPs makes them an ideal choice to penetrate the BBB. Several mechanisms are involved in this process and various strategies are used. There are some concerns about the safety of NP entry in the brain that need to be resolved before human use. Although there is no approved nanotechnology-based CNS drug available the future for such neuronanobiotechnology based delivery system developments is promising.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Baratchi Sara, Kanwar Kaur Rupinder, Khoshmanesh Khashayar, Vasu Punj, Ashok Chauhan, Hittu Matta, Parratt Andrew, Krishnakumar Subramanian, Sun Xueying, Sahoo K. Sanjeeb and Kanwar Rakesh Jagat, Promises of Nanotechnology for Drug Delivery to Brain in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Current Nanoscience 2009; 5 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157341309787314665
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157341309787314665 |
Print ISSN 1573-4137 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6786 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Role of nanomaterials in fabrication of coatings, Machining and Joining
The application of nanoscience has brought about a revolution in the field of mechanical engineering by providing novel materials, boosting manufacturing processes, and generating cutting-edge products. The purpose of this special issue is to investigate the enormous impact that nanoscience has had on mechanical engineering, with a particular emphasis on ...read more
Advanced Inorganic Nanocomposites and Their Emerging Applications
This special issue collection will highlight developments on the recent trends about the synthesis of metal oxides, nanoclusters, biomaterials, 2D nanomaterials, nanocrystals, nanocomposites, etc. and their applications in electrochemical systems, tissue regeneration, energy storage and harvesting, sensors, etc. The novelty of the methods in the chemical synthesis and their characterizations, ...read more
Applicability of Nanotechnology for Performance Enhancement of Clean Energy Technologies
Population growth, industrialization, and improvement in living quality would lead to further increase in energy demand in near future. Regarding the disadvantages of fossil fuels such as fluctuations in their price, high emissions of greenhouse gases and restriction of their sources, it is crucial to use and exploit alternative energy ...read more
Graphene and 2D Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion
This thematic issue will discuss the recent advances in graphene-based nanomaterials for different energy technologies. Graphene possesses a high surface area, and stable structure and exhibits many interesting electronic, optical, and mechanical properties due to its 2D crystal structure. Graphene is of both fundamental interest and suitable for a wide ...read more
Related Journals
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Combinatorial Nanoparticles for Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy
Current Medicinal Chemistry 2D QSAR and Virtual Screening based on Pyridopyrimidine Analogs of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase
Current Computer-Aided Drug Design Recent Advances in Efficacy of using Doxorubicin Gold Nanoparticles for Chemo-, Radio-, Photothermal, and Photodynamic Therapy
Current Drug Delivery Potential Impacts of Prebiotics and Probiotics on Cancer Prevention
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Toll Like Receptors Signaling Pathways as a Target for Therapeutic Interventions
Current Signal Transduction Therapy Thalidomide Derived Immunomodulatory Drugs (IMiDs) as Potential Therapeutic Agents
Current Drug Targets - Immune, Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders Ligand Conjugated Targeted Nanotherapeutics for Treatment of Neurological Disorders
Current Pharmaceutical Design Epigenetic Regulators Governing Cancer Stem Cells and Epithelial- Mesenchymal Transition in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy Nitric Oxide: Target for Therapeutic Strategies in Alzheimers Disease
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Impact of Small Heat Shock Proteins (HspBs) in Alzheimer’s and Other Neurological Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design Manganese Superoxide Dismutase (Sod2) and Redox-Control of Signaling Events That Drive Metastasis
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry A Review of the Biological Activities of Heterocyclic Compounds Comprising Oxadiazole Moieties
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry In Vivo Inhibition of the Estrogen Sulfatase Enzyme and Growth of DMBA-Induced Mammary Tumors by Melatonin
Current Cancer Drug Targets Glutaminase Isoenzymes as Key Regulators in Metabolic and Oxidative Stress Against Cancer
Current Molecular Medicine Signaling Intermediates (PI3K/PTEN/AKT/mTOR and RAF/MEK/ERK Pathways) as Therapeutic Targets for Anti-Cancer and Anti-Angiogenesis Treatments
Current Signal Transduction Therapy Modulation of Photosensitization Processes for an Improved Targeted Photodynamic Therapy
Current Medicinal Chemistry Arachidonic Acid Induces the Migration of MDA-MB-231 Cells by Activating Raft-associated Leukotriene B4 Receptors
Clinical Cancer Drugs ADAMTS9-AS2: A Functional Long Non-coding RNA in Tumorigenesis
Current Pharmaceutical Design Role of Aberrant Lipid Metabolism of Cancer Stem Cells in Cancer Progression
Current Cancer Drug Targets Convection Enhanced Drug Delivery of Novel Therapeutic Agents to Malignant Brain Tumors
Current Drug Delivery