Abstract
Iron is one of the essential minerals that are required for a variety of molecules to maintain their normal structures and functions and for cells to live, grow, and proliferate. The homeostasis of iron results from a tightly coordinated regulation by different proteins involved in uptake, excretion and intracellular storage/trafficking. Although it is essential, iron can also be toxic once in excess amounts. Through Fenton reaction, iron as a transit mineral can generate various reactive oxygen or nitrogen species; therefore, abnormal metabolism of iron can lead to several chronic pathogenesis. Oxidative stress is one of the major causative factors for diabetes and diabetic complications. Increasing evidence has indicated that iron overload not only increases risks of insulin resistance and diabetes, but also causes cardiovascular diseases in non-diabetic and diabetic subjects. Temporal iron deficiency was found to sensitize insulin action, but chronic iron deficiency with anemia can accelerate the development of cardiovascular diseases in non-diabetic and diabetic patients. In this review, therefore, we will first outline iron homeostasis, function, and toxicity, and then mainly summarize the data regarding the roles of iron deficiency and overload in the pathogenesis of diabetes and diabetic complications, as well as the possible links of iron to diabetes and diabetic complications. In the end, the possible therapy using iron chelators for diabetes and diabetic complications will also be discussed.
Keywords: Diabetes, diabetic complications, insulin resistance, iron deficiency, iron overload, iron, ferritin, anemia
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Role of Iron Deficiency and Overload in the Pathogenesis of Diabetes and Diabetic Complications
Volume: 16 Issue: 1
Author(s): Qiuju Liu, Liang Sun, Yi Tan, Guanjun Wang, Xu Lin and Lu Cai
Affiliation:
Keywords: Diabetes, diabetic complications, insulin resistance, iron deficiency, iron overload, iron, ferritin, anemia
Abstract: Iron is one of the essential minerals that are required for a variety of molecules to maintain their normal structures and functions and for cells to live, grow, and proliferate. The homeostasis of iron results from a tightly coordinated regulation by different proteins involved in uptake, excretion and intracellular storage/trafficking. Although it is essential, iron can also be toxic once in excess amounts. Through Fenton reaction, iron as a transit mineral can generate various reactive oxygen or nitrogen species; therefore, abnormal metabolism of iron can lead to several chronic pathogenesis. Oxidative stress is one of the major causative factors for diabetes and diabetic complications. Increasing evidence has indicated that iron overload not only increases risks of insulin resistance and diabetes, but also causes cardiovascular diseases in non-diabetic and diabetic subjects. Temporal iron deficiency was found to sensitize insulin action, but chronic iron deficiency with anemia can accelerate the development of cardiovascular diseases in non-diabetic and diabetic patients. In this review, therefore, we will first outline iron homeostasis, function, and toxicity, and then mainly summarize the data regarding the roles of iron deficiency and overload in the pathogenesis of diabetes and diabetic complications, as well as the possible links of iron to diabetes and diabetic complications. In the end, the possible therapy using iron chelators for diabetes and diabetic complications will also be discussed.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Liu Qiuju, Sun Liang, Tan Yi, Wang Guanjun, Lin Xu and Cai Lu, Role of Iron Deficiency and Overload in the Pathogenesis of Diabetes and Diabetic Complications, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2009; 16 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986709787002862
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986709787002862 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
Current advances in inherited cardiomyopathy
Describe in detail all novel advances in multimodality imaging related to inherited cardiomyopathy diagnosis and prognosis. Shed light to deeper phenotypic characterization. Acknowledge recent advances in genetics, genomics and precision medicineread more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Editorial (Thematic Issue: Neurodegeneration, Oxidative Stress, Metabolic Syndrome, Drug Design and Development: Clinical Implications)
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets DNA Methylation: An Epigenetic Insight into Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Current Pharmaceutical Design Syntheses, Transformations and Pharmaceutical Applications of Kynurenic Acid Derivatives
Current Medicinal Chemistry The Etiology of Hypertension in the Metabolic Syndrome Part Four: The Systemic Perspective – The Role of the Neuroendocrine and Immune Systems,and the Challenge of Integration
Current Vascular Pharmacology HbA1c, Fructosamine, and Glycated Albumin in the Detection of Dysglycaemic Conditions
Current Diabetes Reviews Intrinsically Disordered Domains, Amyloids and Protein Liquid Phases: Evolving Concepts and Open Questions
Protein & Peptide Letters Sirtuins: Nodes Connecting Aging, Metabolism and Tumorigenesis
Current Pharmaceutical Design A Proteomic Analysis of Mitochondrial Complex III Inhibition in SH-SY5Y Human Neuroblastoma Cell Line
Current Proteomics Editorial [Hot Topic: Sigma Receptor Research: Progress Towards Diagnostic and Therapeutic Uses of Sigma Ligands (Executive Guest Editor: Carmen Abate )]
Current Pharmaceutical Design Oral Agents in Multiple Sclerosis
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Editorial (Thematic Issue: Myokines and Exercise Training: More Shadows than Lights)
Current Pharmaceutical Design Nutraceuticals for Metabolic Syndrome Management: From Laboratory to Benchside
Current Vascular Pharmacology Cannabinoid System in Neurodegeneration: New Perspectives in Alzheimers Disease
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry The Dynamics of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovarian Axis, ReproductivePerformance and Sexuality Following Bariatric Surgery
Current Women`s Health Reviews Physically Cross-linked Hydrogels of β -cyclodextrin Polymer and Poly(ethylene glycol)-cholesterol as Delivery Systems for Macromolecules and Small Drug Molecules
Current Drug Delivery Humanin; A Defender Against Alzheimers Disease?
Recent Patents on CNS Drug Discovery (Discontinued) Personalized Drug Discovery: HCA Approach Optimized for Rare Diseases at Tel Aviv University
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening Animal Models of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome: Potential Tools for Alzheimers Disease Research
Current Alzheimer Research Drusen in the Peripheral Retina of the Alzheimer’s Eye
Current Alzheimer Research Histone Acetylation as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Motor Neuron Degenerative Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design