Abstract
Despite current optimal treatment, the morbidity and mortality of coronary heart disease remain significant worldwide and open the way for the development of novel cardioprotective therapies. In the last two decades, a remarkable scientific effort has focused on the limitation of infarct size. Important input from experimental studies has led the way in this direction. However, clinical and preclinical results using various cardioprotective strategies to attenuate reperfusion injury have generally not been applicable for every day clinical practice. Protection of the ischemic myocardium is known to occur as a result of ischemic preconditioning (PC), in which repetitive brief periods of ischemia protect the heart from a subsequent prolong ischemic insult. Although PC is a powerful form of protection, it is of limited clinical application for obvious ethical and practical reasons. Another endogenous form of cardioprotection, similar to PC but applicable at the time of reperfusion, termed postconditioning (PostC), has been recently described. Short series of repetitive cycles of brief reperfusion and re-occlusion of the coronary artery applied at the onset of reperfusion, reduce the infarct size and coronary artery endothelial dysfunction. At present, pharmacological PC and PostC are possible alternative methods that may substitute pharmaceutical treatments the short ischemic insults. Adenosine, nicorandil and other agents have been already used as pharmacological mimetics of ischemic PC in multicenter trials. We summarize the recent research efforts on novel therapeutic strategies and on the design of new compounds, based on the accumulated knowledge of the ligands, receptors and intracellular signaling pathways of PC and PostC.
Keywords: Myocardial infarct size, Preconditioning, Postconditioning, Pharmacological agents, Clinical, Experimental studies
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Alternative Pharmacological Interventions that Limit Myocardial Infarction
Volume: 15 Issue: 30
Author(s): I. Andreadou, E. K. Iliodromitis, M. Koufaki, D. Farmakis, A. Tsotinis and D. Th. Kremastinos
Affiliation:
Keywords: Myocardial infarct size, Preconditioning, Postconditioning, Pharmacological agents, Clinical, Experimental studies
Abstract: Despite current optimal treatment, the morbidity and mortality of coronary heart disease remain significant worldwide and open the way for the development of novel cardioprotective therapies. In the last two decades, a remarkable scientific effort has focused on the limitation of infarct size. Important input from experimental studies has led the way in this direction. However, clinical and preclinical results using various cardioprotective strategies to attenuate reperfusion injury have generally not been applicable for every day clinical practice. Protection of the ischemic myocardium is known to occur as a result of ischemic preconditioning (PC), in which repetitive brief periods of ischemia protect the heart from a subsequent prolong ischemic insult. Although PC is a powerful form of protection, it is of limited clinical application for obvious ethical and practical reasons. Another endogenous form of cardioprotection, similar to PC but applicable at the time of reperfusion, termed postconditioning (PostC), has been recently described. Short series of repetitive cycles of brief reperfusion and re-occlusion of the coronary artery applied at the onset of reperfusion, reduce the infarct size and coronary artery endothelial dysfunction. At present, pharmacological PC and PostC are possible alternative methods that may substitute pharmaceutical treatments the short ischemic insults. Adenosine, nicorandil and other agents have been already used as pharmacological mimetics of ischemic PC in multicenter trials. We summarize the recent research efforts on novel therapeutic strategies and on the design of new compounds, based on the accumulated knowledge of the ligands, receptors and intracellular signaling pathways of PC and PostC.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Andreadou I., Iliodromitis K. E., Koufaki M., Farmakis D., Tsotinis A. and Kremastinos Th. D., Alternative Pharmacological Interventions that Limit Myocardial Infarction, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2008; 15 (30) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986708786848550
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986708786848550 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Approaches to the treatment of chronic inflammation
Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of numerous diseases, significantly impacting global health. Although chronic inflammation is a hot topic, not much has been written about approaches to its treatment. This thematic issue aims to showcase the latest advancements in chronic inflammation treatment and foster discussion on future directions in this ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress and the Relationship to Cigarette Smoking
Mini-Reviews in Organic Chemistry Antisense DNA and RNA: Potential Therapeutics for Viral Infection
Anti-Infective Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Physical Activity, Insulin Action, and Diabetes Prevention and Control
Current Diabetes Reviews Gene Delivery System: A Developing Arena of Study for the New Era of Medicine
Recent Patents on DNA & Gene Sequences Novel Anti-platelet Agents for the Treatment of Stable Angina Pectoris
Current Pharmaceutical Design Polyphenols Regulate Endothelial Functions and Reduce the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease
Current Pharmaceutical Design Fructose 1,6-Bisphosphate: A Summary of Its Cytoprotective Mechanism
Current Medicinal Chemistry Progression of Retinopathy in Type 1 Diabetic Women During Pregnancy
Current Diabetes Reviews Investigating Physical, Psychological and Social Well-being of Older Persons in Jordan
Current Aging Science Resveratrol: New Avenues for a Natural Compound in Neuroprotection
Current Pharmaceutical Design Phytosterols in Physiological Concentrations Target Multidrug Resistant Cancer Cells
Medicinal Chemistry Development of Gene Therapies for Cardiovascular and Renal Diseases by Nucleic Acid Medicines
Medicinal Chemistry Novel Systemic Drugs for Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery Editorial (Thematic Issue: Mitochondrial and Metabolism: Novel Targets for Heart Failure)
Current Pharmaceutical Design Poly(ADP)-Ribose Polymerase-1 Inhibitors as a Potential Treatment for Cocaine Addiction
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Anticancer Antioxidant Regulatory Functions of Phytochemicals
Current Medicinal Chemistry Lone Atrial Fibrillation: Electrophysiology, Risk Factors, Catheter Ablation and Other Non-pharmacologic Treatments
Current Pharmaceutical Design Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists in Primary Aldosteronism
Current Pharmaceutical Design Free Radicals Generated by Post-Prandial Oxidative Burst in the Early Alterations of Vascular Contractility
Clinical Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Drugs (Discontinued) Kinins as Therapeutic Agents in Cardiovascular and Renal Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design