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Current Diabetes Reviews

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1573-3998
ISSN (Online): 1875-6417

Glucose Control and Use of Continuous Glucose Monitoring in the Intensive Care Unit: A Critical Review

Author(s): Christophe De Block, Begona Manuel-y-Keenoy, Peter Rogiers, Philippe Jorens and Luc Van Gaal

Volume 4, Issue 3, 2008

Page: [234 - 244] Pages: 11

DOI: 10.2174/157339908785294460

Price: $65

Abstract

Stress hyperglycemia recently became a major therapeutic target in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) since it occurs in most critically ill patients and is associated with adverse outcome, including increased mortality. Intensive insulin therapy to achieve normoglycemia may reduce mortality, morbidity and the length of ICU and in-hospital stay. However, obtaining normoglycemia requires extensive efforts from the medical staff, including frequent glucose monitoring and adjustment of insulin dose. Current insulin titration is based upon discrete glucose measurements, which may miss fast changes in glycemia and which does not give a full picture of overall glycemic control. Recent evidence suggests that continuous monitoring of glucose levels may help to signal glycemic excursions and eventually to optimize insulin titration in the ICU. In this review we will summarise monitoring and treatment strategies to achieve normoglycemia in the ICU, with special emphasis on the possible advantages of continuous glucose monitoring.

Keywords: Glucose Monitoring, Stress hyperglycemia, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), insulin therapy, normoglycemia, glucose levels


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