Abstract
Two morphological features may be seen as a main result of the cardiovascular cell damage caused by cigarette smoking: myocardial cell necrosis and smoke cardiomyopathy that, however, can lead to cell necrosis in case of chronic prolonged exposure to tobacco smoke. Both these pathological patterns recognise hypoxia as the basic mechanism. Cardiovascular cell damage may involve either myocardial cell or coronary artery wall determining a varied but a wide spectrum of alterations. Necrosis may be well defined as a result of those morphological changes which follow cell death in a living tissue or organ with partial or total loss in their function. All infarcts of the heart muscle belong to the group of necrotic lesions, but not all cardiac necroses are necessarily infarcts. Coronarogenic, or non-coronarogenic mechanism following a direct action of tobacco compounds on myocardial cells may induce myocardial cell necrosis. Smoke cardiomyopathy is probably the most typical evidence of cellular damage induced by cigarette smoking on the myocardium. The term cardiomyopathy is used to describe all those forms of degenerative myocardial lesions caused directly by toxics or metabolic substances and, indirectly, by changes in blood flow which are able to induce chronic hypoxia. Initially, smoke cardiomyopathy is not characterised by necrotic phenomena but, instead, by alterations of those intracellular structures RNA- related like mitochondria and ribosomes, which are primarily deputed to carry out metabolic and respiratory pathways of myocardial cells, the function of which strongly depends on oxygen availability. Experimental findings documented undoubtedly either the type of cellular changes or their reproducibility after both acute or chronic exposure to cigarette smoke.
Keywords: Cardiovascular cell damage, morphologic changes, smoking
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: Smoking and Cardiovascular System: Cellular Features of the Damage
Volume: 14 Issue: 18
Author(s): A. Leone, L. Landini Jr., O. Biadi and A. Balbarini
Affiliation:
Keywords: Cardiovascular cell damage, morphologic changes, smoking
Abstract: Two morphological features may be seen as a main result of the cardiovascular cell damage caused by cigarette smoking: myocardial cell necrosis and smoke cardiomyopathy that, however, can lead to cell necrosis in case of chronic prolonged exposure to tobacco smoke. Both these pathological patterns recognise hypoxia as the basic mechanism. Cardiovascular cell damage may involve either myocardial cell or coronary artery wall determining a varied but a wide spectrum of alterations. Necrosis may be well defined as a result of those morphological changes which follow cell death in a living tissue or organ with partial or total loss in their function. All infarcts of the heart muscle belong to the group of necrotic lesions, but not all cardiac necroses are necessarily infarcts. Coronarogenic, or non-coronarogenic mechanism following a direct action of tobacco compounds on myocardial cells may induce myocardial cell necrosis. Smoke cardiomyopathy is probably the most typical evidence of cellular damage induced by cigarette smoking on the myocardium. The term cardiomyopathy is used to describe all those forms of degenerative myocardial lesions caused directly by toxics or metabolic substances and, indirectly, by changes in blood flow which are able to induce chronic hypoxia. Initially, smoke cardiomyopathy is not characterised by necrotic phenomena but, instead, by alterations of those intracellular structures RNA- related like mitochondria and ribosomes, which are primarily deputed to carry out metabolic and respiratory pathways of myocardial cells, the function of which strongly depends on oxygen availability. Experimental findings documented undoubtedly either the type of cellular changes or their reproducibility after both acute or chronic exposure to cigarette smoke.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Leone A., Jr. Landini L., Biadi O. and Balbarini A., Smoking and Cardiovascular System: Cellular Features of the Damage, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2008; 14 (18) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161208784746699
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161208784746699 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Bis(2-aminoimidazolines) and Bisguanidines: Synthetic Approaches, Antiparasitic Activity and DNA Binding Properties
Current Medicinal Chemistry PDE5 Inhibitors in Non-Urological Conditions
Current Pharmaceutical Design Targeted Therapies in Bone Sarcomas
Current Cancer Drug Targets Past, Present and Future Therapeutics for Cerebellar Ataxias
Current Neuropharmacology Recent Clinical Trials of Pharmacologic Cardiovascular Interventions in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome: An Overview of the Molecular Mechanism, Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Approach
Current Gene Therapy Cardiovascular Disease Risk Among the Poor and Homeless – What We Know So Far
Current Cardiology Reviews Dynamics of Toll-like Receptors Signaling in Skeletal Muscle Atrophy
Current Medicinal Chemistry Diagnostic Approach to Mitochondrial Disorders: the Need for a Reliable Biomarker
Current Molecular Medicine Pearls from the First Gulf Cardiac Amyloidosis Summit 2021
New Emirates Medical Journal Gene Therapy in Cardiovascular Diseases
Current Gene Therapy Ammonium Activates Ouabain-Activated Signalling Pathway in Astrocytes: Therapeutic Potential of Ouabain Antagonist
Current Neuropharmacology How to Make a Non-Antigenic Protein (Auto) Antigenic: Molecular Complementarity Alters Antigen Processing and Activates Adaptive-Innate Immunity Synergy
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Investigational Positive Inotropic Agents for Acute Heart Failure
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets Meet Our Associate Editor
Current Cardiology Reviews Synthetic Peptides in the Diagnosis of Systemic Autoimmune Diseases
Current Protein & Peptide Science Circadian Rhythm in Cytokines Administration
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Small Heat Shock Proteins and Protein-Misfolding Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Sacubitril/Valsartan: A New Dawn has Begun! A Revisited Review
Current Cardiology Reviews Critical Illness in Obstetric Patients: Introduction and Epidemiology
Current Women`s Health Reviews