Abstract
The progress in genomics and proteomics resulted in increasing number of tumor-associated antigens (TAA) being discovered as cancer biomarkers and targets for immunotherapy. The key role played by HLA class I antigens in immune reactivity against malignant and virally infected cells via binding to the peptides of TAA and subsequent presentation to cytotoxic T-lymphocytes stimulates interest in the characterization of their expression in tumor cells. Various types of HLA class I alterations with different underlying molecular mechanisms are found in different malignancies. Loss or downregulation of tumor HLA class I antigen expression represents one of the main mechanisms used by cancer cells to evade immunosurveillance since it limits the ability of cytotoxic T-cell to eliminate these cells and reduces the clinical efficacy of T-cell-based cancer therapy. As a result of the immune selection, HLA class I negative variants escape and lead to tumor growth and metastatic colonization. Altered HLA class I expression on malignant cells frequently correlates with poor survival, disease progression and limited response to T-cell-based therapy. Early cancer detection and treatment require more effective cancer biomarkers, or molecular signatures, for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic efficacy. Analysis of the tumor expression of HLA class I antigens as biomarkers of cancer development might help to choose an appropriate treatment protocol and monitor clinical response to cancer immunotherapy.
Keywords: HLA class I, cancer, immune escape
Current Cancer Therapy Reviews
Title: HLA Class I Expression, Tumor Escape and Cancer Progression
Volume: 4 Issue: 2
Author(s): Natalia Aptsiauri, Teresa Cabrera, Angel Garcia Lora, Francisco Ruiz-Cabello and Federico Garrido
Affiliation:
Keywords: HLA class I, cancer, immune escape
Abstract: The progress in genomics and proteomics resulted in increasing number of tumor-associated antigens (TAA) being discovered as cancer biomarkers and targets for immunotherapy. The key role played by HLA class I antigens in immune reactivity against malignant and virally infected cells via binding to the peptides of TAA and subsequent presentation to cytotoxic T-lymphocytes stimulates interest in the characterization of their expression in tumor cells. Various types of HLA class I alterations with different underlying molecular mechanisms are found in different malignancies. Loss or downregulation of tumor HLA class I antigen expression represents one of the main mechanisms used by cancer cells to evade immunosurveillance since it limits the ability of cytotoxic T-cell to eliminate these cells and reduces the clinical efficacy of T-cell-based cancer therapy. As a result of the immune selection, HLA class I negative variants escape and lead to tumor growth and metastatic colonization. Altered HLA class I expression on malignant cells frequently correlates with poor survival, disease progression and limited response to T-cell-based therapy. Early cancer detection and treatment require more effective cancer biomarkers, or molecular signatures, for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic efficacy. Analysis of the tumor expression of HLA class I antigens as biomarkers of cancer development might help to choose an appropriate treatment protocol and monitor clinical response to cancer immunotherapy.
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Cite this article as:
Aptsiauri Natalia, Cabrera Teresa, Lora Garcia Angel, Ruiz-Cabello Francisco and Garrido Federico, HLA Class I Expression, Tumor Escape and Cancer Progression, Current Cancer Therapy Reviews 2008; 4 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157339408784310052
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157339408784310052 |
Print ISSN 1573-3947 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6301 |
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