Abstract
It has been known for a long time that inhaled adenosine-monophosphate (AMP) induces airway obstruction in asthmatic patients, but not in healthy subjects. The mechanism of AMP is indirect and occurs via its decay product, adenosine. It stimulates mast cells through its low-affinity receptor A2B to release histamine, which ultimately leads to smooth muscle contraction. This feature of adenosine reveals its pro-inflammatory function, which may play important role in asthma. Indeed, mice lacking adenosine deaminase (ADA), an enzyme which decomposes adenosine, develop asthma-like disorder with elevated IgE, eosinophilia and airway hyperresponsiveness. Human studies showed elevated adenosine levels in bronchoalveolar lavage and exhaled breath condensate of asthmatics as compared to healthy people. Furthermore, certain human ADA phenotypes are associated with prevalence of asthma. These data suggest a protective role for ADA and a pro-inflammatory function for adenosine in asthma. The role of adenosine in inflammatory processes, however, is not unequivocal. Some in vitro studies showed that adenosine binding to its high-affinity receptor A2A results in inhibition of leukotriene synthesis or function of adhesion molecules. It is possible that the concentration of adenosine in lung tissues determines whether it promotes or reduces inflammation. Adenosine has also been associated with other respiratory diseases such as fibrosis, sarcoidosis, cystic fibrosis or tuberculosis. Identification of adenosine receptor subtypes and their role in the pathomechanism of respiratory diseases may provide new therapeutical targets. This review aims to summarize the role of adenosine and adenosine receptors in asthma and other pulmonary disorders.
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Adenosine and Adenosine Receptors in the Pathomechanism and Treatment of Respiratory Diseases
Volume: 15 Issue: 9
Author(s): G. Vass and I. Horvath
Affiliation:
Abstract: It has been known for a long time that inhaled adenosine-monophosphate (AMP) induces airway obstruction in asthmatic patients, but not in healthy subjects. The mechanism of AMP is indirect and occurs via its decay product, adenosine. It stimulates mast cells through its low-affinity receptor A2B to release histamine, which ultimately leads to smooth muscle contraction. This feature of adenosine reveals its pro-inflammatory function, which may play important role in asthma. Indeed, mice lacking adenosine deaminase (ADA), an enzyme which decomposes adenosine, develop asthma-like disorder with elevated IgE, eosinophilia and airway hyperresponsiveness. Human studies showed elevated adenosine levels in bronchoalveolar lavage and exhaled breath condensate of asthmatics as compared to healthy people. Furthermore, certain human ADA phenotypes are associated with prevalence of asthma. These data suggest a protective role for ADA and a pro-inflammatory function for adenosine in asthma. The role of adenosine in inflammatory processes, however, is not unequivocal. Some in vitro studies showed that adenosine binding to its high-affinity receptor A2A results in inhibition of leukotriene synthesis or function of adhesion molecules. It is possible that the concentration of adenosine in lung tissues determines whether it promotes or reduces inflammation. Adenosine has also been associated with other respiratory diseases such as fibrosis, sarcoidosis, cystic fibrosis or tuberculosis. Identification of adenosine receptor subtypes and their role in the pathomechanism of respiratory diseases may provide new therapeutical targets. This review aims to summarize the role of adenosine and adenosine receptors in asthma and other pulmonary disorders.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Vass G. and Horvath I., Adenosine and Adenosine Receptors in the Pathomechanism and Treatment of Respiratory Diseases, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2008; 15 (9) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986708783955392
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986708783955392 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
Current advances in inherited cardiomyopathy
Describe in detail all novel advances in multimodality imaging related to inherited cardiomyopathy diagnosis and prognosis. Shed light to deeper phenotypic characterization. Acknowledge recent advances in genetics, genomics and precision medicineread more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Effects of Nanosuspension Formulations on Transport, Pharmacokinetics, In Vivo Targeting and Efficacy for Poorly Water-soluble Drugs
Current Pharmaceutical Design Effect of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetic Medication on Pulmonary Function
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews Vaccine Adjuvants: Key Tools for Innovative Vaccine Design
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Flavonoids for Allergic Diseases: Present Evidence and Future Perspective
Current Pharmaceutical Design Generation, Subsets and Functions of Inducible Regulatory T Cells
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Heteromerization of G Protein-Coupled Receptors: Relevance to Neurological Disorders and Neurotherapeutics
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Non-IgE Mediated Food Allergy
Current Pediatric Reviews Progress Towards the Development of Anti-Inflammatory Inhibitors of IKKβ
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Adverse Systemic Reactions of Antihistamines: Highlights in Sedating Effects, Cardiotoxicity and Drug Interactions
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Approaches to Mass Spectrometry Based Metabolomics
Current Metabolomics Editorial (Thematic Issue: Emerging Formulation Design and Drug Delivery Systems for Inhaled Therapy)
Current Pharmaceutical Design Naturally Occurring NF-κB Inhibitors
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Anti-Allergic and Antioxidant Activity of 5-Hydroxy-3,6,7,3’,4’- Pentamethoxy Flavone Isolated from Leaves of Vitex negundo
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Molecular Mechanisms Regulating Matrix Metalloproteinases
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Targeting Key Transporters in Tumor Glycolysis as a Novel Anticancer Strategy
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Editorial [Guest Editor: Strategies for the Improvement of Asthma Therapy (Executive Editor: Andreas Pahl)]
Current Pharmaceutical Design L-Carnosine Modulates Respiratory Burst and Reactive Oxygen Species Production in Neutrophil Biochemistry and Function: May Oral Dosage Form of Non-Hydrolized Dipeptide L-Carnosine Complement Anti-Infective Anti-Influenza Flu Treatment, Prevention and Self-Care as an Alternative to the Conventional Vaccination?
Current Clinical Pharmacology Systems Medicine Approaches to Improving Understanding, Treatment, and Clinical Management of Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer
Current Pharmaceutical Design <i>Zanthoxylum bungeanum</i> Seed Oil Elicits Autophagy and Apoptosis in Human Laryngeal Tumor Cells via PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Breath Analysis Using SIFT-MS to Assess Metabolic Status in Patients After Gastro-oesophageal Cancer Surgery- a Pilot Study
Current Analytical Chemistry