Abstract
The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing worldwide at an alarming rate due to population growth, obesity, sedentary lifestyle and aging. Consequently, diabetic microvascular complications (retinopathy and nephropathy) and macrovascular complications (coronary heart disease, peripheral arterial disease and cerebrovascular disease) are also rising. Traditional oral hypoglycaemic agents only partially prevent the development of these complications. This suggests that selective treatment options that target specific biological pathways (i.e. metabolic factors, intracellular signaling proteins and growth factors) may be a more effective strategy. Type 1 and Type 2 diabetic animal models have been produced spontaneously by selective inbreeding or by genetic modification, as well as, pharmacological induction. These models have become a safe and reliable option to test the therapeutic potential of novel drugs. They also help to understand the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus. This review highlights the most commonly used animal models for the treatment of diabetic micro and macrovascular complications.
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, animal models, microvascular complications, macrovascular complications
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: Animal Models of Diabetes Mellitus: Relevance to Vascular Complications
Volume: 14 Issue: 4
Author(s): Cecil S. Thompson
Affiliation:
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, animal models, microvascular complications, macrovascular complications
Abstract: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing worldwide at an alarming rate due to population growth, obesity, sedentary lifestyle and aging. Consequently, diabetic microvascular complications (retinopathy and nephropathy) and macrovascular complications (coronary heart disease, peripheral arterial disease and cerebrovascular disease) are also rising. Traditional oral hypoglycaemic agents only partially prevent the development of these complications. This suggests that selective treatment options that target specific biological pathways (i.e. metabolic factors, intracellular signaling proteins and growth factors) may be a more effective strategy. Type 1 and Type 2 diabetic animal models have been produced spontaneously by selective inbreeding or by genetic modification, as well as, pharmacological induction. These models have become a safe and reliable option to test the therapeutic potential of novel drugs. They also help to understand the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus. This review highlights the most commonly used animal models for the treatment of diabetic micro and macrovascular complications.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Thompson S. Cecil, Animal Models of Diabetes Mellitus: Relevance to Vascular Complications, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2008; 14 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161208783497679
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161208783497679 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Thrombomodulin Links Coagulation to Inflammation and Immunity
Current Drug Targets Effect of Leptin on Vascular Nitric Oxide and Endothelial Function
Current Hypertension Reviews Fibrinogen: A Predictor of Vascular Disease
Current Pharmaceutical Design Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Potential of One Hundred Medicinal Plants
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Cystathionine Beta Synthase as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer Disease
Current Alzheimer Research Meloxicam Prevents Load-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy in Mice
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued) Strategies to Tackle Early Low Flow States in the Extremely Preterm Infant
Current Pediatric Reviews Targeting Cancer Stem Cells with Repurposed Drugs to Improve Current Therapies
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery Getting Patients to Target- Implementing the Guidelines
Current Vascular Pharmacology Metabolomics for Personalized Nutrition Research and Clinical Applications
Current Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine Hypercholesterolemia and Endothelium Dysfunction: Role of Dietary Supplementation as Vascular Protective Agents
Current Vascular Pharmacology Ganoderma lucidum (Ling-zhi): The Impact of Chemistry on Biological Activity in Cancer
Current Bioactive Compounds 3, 5-Diiodothyronine: Biological Actions and Therapeutic Perspectives
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued) The Effects of Pemafibrate in Japanese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Receiving HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Energy Metabolism in the Normal and in the Diabetic Heart
Current Pharmaceutical Design Systemic Application of Anti-inflammatory Agents in Periodontal Treatment
Clinical Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Drugs (Discontinued) Effects of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells on Diabetic Cardiomyopathy
Current Pharmaceutical Design Potential Application of Dietary Polyphenols from Red Wine to Attaining Healthy Ageing
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry New Patentable Use of an Old Neuroleptic Compound Thioridazine to Combat Tuberculosis: A Gene Regulation Perspective
Recent Patents on Anti-Infective Drug Discovery MicroRNAs as Early Biomarkers in Obesity and Related Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design