Abstract
The age-related neurodegenerative diseases exemplified by Alzheimers disease (AD), Lewy body diseases such as Parkinsons disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Huntingtons disease are characterized by the deposition of abnormal forms of specific proteins in the brain. Although several factors appear to underlie the pathological depositions, the cause of neuronal death in each disease appears to be multifactorial. In this regard, evidence in each case for a role of oxidative stress is provided by the finding that the pathological deposits are immunoreactive to antibodies recognizing protein side-chains modified either directly by reactive oxygen or nitrogen species, or by products of lipid peroxidation or glycoxidation. Although the source(s) of increased oxidative damage are not entirely clear, the findings of increased localization of redox-active transition metals in the brain regions most affected is consistent with their contribution to oxidative stress. It is tempting to speculate that free radical oxygen chemistry plays a pathogenetic role in all these neurodegenerative conditions, though it is as yet undetermined what types of oxidative damage occur early in pathogenesis, and what types are secondary manifestations of dying neurons. Delineation of the profile of oxidative damage in each disease will provide clues to how the specific neuronal populations are differentially affected by the individual disease conditions.
Keywords: Oxidative Stress, Neurodegenerative, Disease, Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington disease, Peroxidation, glycoxidation, species (RNS)
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Chemistry and Biochemistry of Oxidative Stress in Neurodegenerative Disease
Volume: 8 Issue: 7
Author(s): Lawrence M. Sayre, Mark A. Smith and George Perry
Affiliation:
Keywords: Oxidative Stress, Neurodegenerative, Disease, Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington disease, Peroxidation, glycoxidation, species (RNS)
Abstract: The age-related neurodegenerative diseases exemplified by Alzheimers disease (AD), Lewy body diseases such as Parkinsons disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Huntingtons disease are characterized by the deposition of abnormal forms of specific proteins in the brain. Although several factors appear to underlie the pathological depositions, the cause of neuronal death in each disease appears to be multifactorial. In this regard, evidence in each case for a role of oxidative stress is provided by the finding that the pathological deposits are immunoreactive to antibodies recognizing protein side-chains modified either directly by reactive oxygen or nitrogen species, or by products of lipid peroxidation or glycoxidation. Although the source(s) of increased oxidative damage are not entirely clear, the findings of increased localization of redox-active transition metals in the brain regions most affected is consistent with their contribution to oxidative stress. It is tempting to speculate that free radical oxygen chemistry plays a pathogenetic role in all these neurodegenerative conditions, though it is as yet undetermined what types of oxidative damage occur early in pathogenesis, and what types are secondary manifestations of dying neurons. Delineation of the profile of oxidative damage in each disease will provide clues to how the specific neuronal populations are differentially affected by the individual disease conditions.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Sayre M. Lawrence, Smith A. Mark and Perry George, Chemistry and Biochemistry of Oxidative Stress in Neurodegenerative Disease, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2001; 8 (7) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867013372922
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867013372922 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Approaches to the treatment of chronic inflammation
Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of numerous diseases, significantly impacting global health. Although chronic inflammation is a hot topic, not much has been written about approaches to its treatment. This thematic issue aims to showcase the latest advancements in chronic inflammation treatment and foster discussion on future directions in this ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Autophagy in the Central Nervous System: Implications for Neurodegenerative Disorders
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Morphofunctional Aspects of the Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Drug Metabolism Synopsis on Managment Strategies for Neurodegenerative Disorders: Challenges from Bench to Bedside in Successful Drug Discovery and Development
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Meet Our Editorial Board Member
Current Aging Science Exercise-Induced MicroRNA Regulation in the Mice Nervous System is Maintained After Activity Cessation
MicroRNA The Delivery of Biologically Active (Therapeutic) Peptides and Proteins into Cells
Current Medicinal Chemistry Phosphatidylserine and Curcumin Act Synergistically to Down-Regulate Release of Interleukin-1β from Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Cortical Primary Microglial Cells
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Magnetic Materials for the Selective Analysis of Peptide and Protein Biomarkers
Current Medicinal Chemistry Diffusion Tensor Imaging to Determine Effects of Antidementive Treatment on Cerebral Structural Connectivity in Alzheimer’s Disease
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Clinical Relevance of Advanced Glycation Endproducts (AGE) and Recent Developments in Pharmaceutics to Reduce AGE Accumulation
Current Medicinal Chemistry An Agathokakological Tale of Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC: Exploration of Possible Biological Targets
Current Drug Targets Editorial [Hot Topic: Tocotrienols: Potential Drug Targets for Cardiovascular, Cancer and Neurological Diseases (Executive Guest Editor: Dipak K. Das)]
Current Pharmaceutical Design Nano-medicine Improving the Bioavailability of Small Molecules for the Prevention of Neurodegenerative Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design Management of Glia-Mediated Neuroinflammation and Related Patents
Recent Patents on Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery Protein Aggregation and Self Assembly in Health and Disease
Current Proteomics Alzheimer's Disease: Related Targets, Synthesis of Available Drugs, Bioactive Compounds Under Development and Promising Results Obtained from Multi-target Approaches
Current Drug Targets Under the Microscope: Focus on Chlamydia pneumoniae Infection and Multiple Sclerosis
Current Neurovascular Research Medicinal Plants: A Natural Chaperones Source for Treating Neurological Disorders
Protein & Peptide Letters The Prokaryotic FAD Synthetase Family: A Potential Drug Target
Current Pharmaceutical Design Drug Delivery Technologies and Stem Cells for Tissue Repair and Regeneration
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology