Abstract
During the past ten years the range of treatments available for patients with osteoporosis has increased greatly. A decade ago the only proven therapy was oestrogen, while today the choice includes bisphosphonates, selective oestrogen receptor modulators, calcitonin, calcium and vitamin D supplementation and, in the near future, parathyroid hormone. Clinical trials involving bone mineral density (BMD) scans of the spine and femur have had an important role in the evaluation of these new therapies. Supplementary information about treatments has been provided by BMD scans of the total body and distal radius as well as by measurements of biochemical markers of bone turnover in serum and urine. Most important of all, the efficacy of treatments has been verified in large trials powered to show reductions in fracture risk. In routine clinical use, BMD scanning has an important role in identifying individual patients with osteoporosis and helping to make decisions about their treatment. However, in contrast to the use of BMD scans in clinical trials, their value for monitoring response to therapy in individual patients is less certain because in many cases the increases in BMD are too small to reliably distinguish between true changes and measurement error. However, experience with well established therapies such as oestrogen and bisphosphonates suggests that these treatments have a beneficial effect on bone in the large majority of patients and individual monitoring of BMD is probably not necessary.
Keywords: bone density, oestrogen, parathyroid hormone, cardiovascular disease, menopausal symptoms, analogues of pyrophosphate, antiresorptive agents, biochemical markers, osteon, t-score
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: The Role of Bone Density Measurements in the Evaluation of New Treatments for Osteoporosis
Volume: 8 Issue: 21
Author(s): G. M. Blake and I. Fogelman
Affiliation:
Keywords: bone density, oestrogen, parathyroid hormone, cardiovascular disease, menopausal symptoms, analogues of pyrophosphate, antiresorptive agents, biochemical markers, osteon, t-score
Abstract: During the past ten years the range of treatments available for patients with osteoporosis has increased greatly. A decade ago the only proven therapy was oestrogen, while today the choice includes bisphosphonates, selective oestrogen receptor modulators, calcitonin, calcium and vitamin D supplementation and, in the near future, parathyroid hormone. Clinical trials involving bone mineral density (BMD) scans of the spine and femur have had an important role in the evaluation of these new therapies. Supplementary information about treatments has been provided by BMD scans of the total body and distal radius as well as by measurements of biochemical markers of bone turnover in serum and urine. Most important of all, the efficacy of treatments has been verified in large trials powered to show reductions in fracture risk. In routine clinical use, BMD scanning has an important role in identifying individual patients with osteoporosis and helping to make decisions about their treatment. However, in contrast to the use of BMD scans in clinical trials, their value for monitoring response to therapy in individual patients is less certain because in many cases the increases in BMD are too small to reliably distinguish between true changes and measurement error. However, experience with well established therapies such as oestrogen and bisphosphonates suggests that these treatments have a beneficial effect on bone in the large majority of patients and individual monitoring of BMD is probably not necessary.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Blake M. G. and Fogelman I., The Role of Bone Density Measurements in the Evaluation of New Treatments for Osteoporosis, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2002; 8 (21) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612023393602
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612023393602 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Cyclophosphamide and/or Anthracyclines Induced Epiphora in Breast Cancer Patients: A Rare Side-effect
Current Drug Safety Stereoselective Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics of Proton Pump Inhibitors
Current Drug Metabolism Meet Our Editorial Board Member
Current Cancer Drug Targets Targeting Gene Therapy for Prostate Cancer
Current Pharmaceutical Design Targeted α-Particle Therapy: A Clinical Overview
Current Radiopharmaceuticals The Use of Therapeutic Peptides to Target and to Kill Cancer Cells
Current Medicinal Chemistry Antigenic Peptide Vaccination: Provoking Immune Response and Clinical Benefit for Cancer
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) Recent Approaches in Chemoprevention of Prostate Cancer
Current Cancer Drug Targets Cathepsin D as a Promising Target for the Discovery of Novel Anticancer Agents
Current Cancer Drug Targets Therapeutic Value of an Integrin Antagonist in Prostate Cancer
Current Drug Targets Spectrum of Multimodality Findings in Post-surgical Breast Cancer Imaging
Current Medical Imaging A Single Center Phase II Study of Continuous Infusion of Low-dose 5- fluorouracil for Heavily Pretreated Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Clinical Cancer Drugs Third Generation Radiopharmaceuticals for Imaging and Targeted Therapy
Current Pharmaceutical Analysis A Practical Approach to Diagnosis and Treatment of Symptomatic Thromboembolic Events in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Recommendations of the “Coagulation Defects” AIEOP Working Group
Recent Patents on Cardiovascular Drug Discovery Molecular Docking of 4-ethoxychalcones on Oxidoreductase/Pirin Inhibitors and Cytotoxic Evaluation on Breast/Skin Cancer Cell Lines
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery Management of Fallopian Tube Cancer
Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials Molecular Markers of Angiogenesis and Metastasis in Lines of Oral Carcinoma after Treatment with Melatonin
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Meet Our Editorial Board Member
Current Chemical Biology Inhibitors for Metastasis Development
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery Pharmacological Intervention of Cyclooxygenase-2 and 5-Lipoxygenase Pathways. Impact on Inflammation and Cancer
Current Pharmaceutical Design