Abstract
Apoptosis is involved in the action of several (and perhaps all) cancer-chemotherapeutic agents. Prodigiosins, a family of natural red pigments characterized by a common pyrrolylpyrromethene skeleton, are produced by various bacteria. Three members of the prodigiosin family, viz. prodigiosin (PG), undecylprodigiosin (UP) and cycloprodigiosin hydrochloride (cPrG HCl), have immunosuppressive properties and apoptotic effects on cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Their cytotoxic effect is attributed to the presence of the C-6 methoxy substituent. The A-pyrrole ring plays a key role in both the copper nuclease activity and the cytotoxicity of prodigiosins. Here, we have reviewed the pharmacological activity of PG and related compounds, including novel synthetic PG-derivatives with lower toxicity. The mechanism of action for these molecules is a current topic in biomedicine. The molecular targets of prodigiosins are also discussed.
Keywords: prodigiosin, anticancer drug, prodigiosin family, pg, undecylprodigiosin
Current Cancer Drug Targets
Title: The Prodigiosins: A New Family of Anticancer Drugs
Volume: 3 Issue: 1
Author(s): Beatriz Montaner and Ricardo Pérez-Tomás
Affiliation:
Keywords: prodigiosin, anticancer drug, prodigiosin family, pg, undecylprodigiosin
Abstract: Apoptosis is involved in the action of several (and perhaps all) cancer-chemotherapeutic agents. Prodigiosins, a family of natural red pigments characterized by a common pyrrolylpyrromethene skeleton, are produced by various bacteria. Three members of the prodigiosin family, viz. prodigiosin (PG), undecylprodigiosin (UP) and cycloprodigiosin hydrochloride (cPrG HCl), have immunosuppressive properties and apoptotic effects on cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Their cytotoxic effect is attributed to the presence of the C-6 methoxy substituent. The A-pyrrole ring plays a key role in both the copper nuclease activity and the cytotoxicity of prodigiosins. Here, we have reviewed the pharmacological activity of PG and related compounds, including novel synthetic PG-derivatives with lower toxicity. The mechanism of action for these molecules is a current topic in biomedicine. The molecular targets of prodigiosins are also discussed.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Montaner Beatriz and Pérez-Tomás Ricardo, The Prodigiosins: A New Family of Anticancer Drugs, Current Cancer Drug Targets 2003; 3 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568009033333772
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568009033333772 |
Print ISSN 1568-0096 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-5576 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Cancer Biomarkers and Potential Drug Targets: From Diagnosis to Therapy
Cancer biomarkers play a crucial role in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of cancer. They provide valuable information for cancer detection, risk assessment, treatment selection, and monitoring response to therapy. With advancements in molecular biology and high-throughput technologies, there has been an increasing interest in identifying and characterizing cancer biomarkers ...read more
Novel Therapeutic Approaches to Target Drug Resistant Tumors
With the development of disciplines such as chemical biology and molecular biology, the genes or proteins closely related to tumor occurrence and development have gradually become clear. Targeted therapies targeting these genes or proteins provide more effective methods for tumor treatment. Tumor targeted drugs generally only act on specific targets ...read more
ROLE OF IMMUNE AND GENOTOXIC RESPONSE BIOMARKERS IN TUMOR MICROENVIRONMENT IN CANCER DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT
Biological biomarkers have been used in medical research as an indicator of a normal or abnormal process inside the body, or of a disease. Nowadays, various researchers are in process to explore and investigate the biological markers for the early assessment of cancer. DNA Damage response (DDR) pathways and immune ...read more
Targeting the battlefield between host and tumor: basic research and clinical practice on reshaping tumor immune microenvironment
Immune system protects host against malignant tumors through effector cells and molecules. Cancer development and its response to therapy are regulated by inflammation, which either promotes or suppresses cancer progression. Chronic inflammation facilitates cancer progression and treatment resistance, whereas induction of acute inflammatory reactions often lead to anti-cancer immune responses. ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Pharmacology and Therapeutic Applications of Enediyne Antitumor Antibiotics
Current Molecular Pharmacology New Medical Strategies for Midgut Carcinoids
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Erdafitinib as a Novel and Advanced Treatment Strategy of Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Enhancing the Cytotoxic Activity of Novel Targeted Therapies – Is There a Role for a Combinatorial Approach?
Current Clinical Pharmacology Gene Expression Analysis Approach to Establish Possible Links Between Parkinson's Disease, Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Nanoparticle-Based Tumor Theranostics with Molecular Imaging
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology The Development of Targeted Therapies for Hepatocellular Cancer
Current Pharmaceutical Design Understanding FOXO, New Views on Old Transcription Factors
Current Cancer Drug Targets Next Generation Sequencing in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: New Avenues Toward the Personalized Medicine
Current Drug Targets Heat Shock Proteins as Prognostic Markers of Cancer
Current Cancer Drug Targets Zoledronic Acid: Pleiotropic Anti-Tumor Mechanism and Therapeutic Outlook for Osteosarcoma
Current Drug Targets Possible Physiopathological Effects of the Transglutaminase Activity on the Molecular Mechanisms Responsible for Human Neurodegenerative Diseases
Recent Patents on CNS Drug Discovery (Discontinued) Recent Patents on Genes and Gene Sequences Useful for Developing Breast Cancer Detection Systems
Recent Patents on DNA & Gene Sequences Genetics, Gene Expression, and Targeted Therapies in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Current Drug Targets Cell Cycle Kinases in Osteosarcoma: Potential for Therapeutic Intervention
Current Pharmaceutical Design Protocatechuic Acid and Human Disease Prevention: Biological Activities and Molecular Mechanisms
Current Medicinal Chemistry Steroid Regulation of Drug-Metabolizing Cytochromes P450
Current Drug Metabolism Molecular Approaches to Cervical Cancer Therapy
Current Drug Discovery Technologies Targeting Phospholipase D-mediated Survival Signals in Cancer
Current Signal Transduction Therapy Possible Physiopathological Roles of the Transglutaminase Activity in the Etiopathogenesis of Human Neurodegenerative Diseases
Recent Patents on CNS Drug Discovery (Discontinued)