Abstract
At present, diabetic kidney disease affects about 15-25 % of patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and 30-40 % of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Several decades of extensive research have elucidated various pathways to be implicated in the development of diabetic kidney disease. These include metabolic factors beyond blood glucose (e.g. advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs)), haemodynamic factors (e.g. the renin angiotensin system (RAS)), intracellular signaling molecule proteins (e.g. protein kinase C (PKC)) and growth factors / cytokines (e.g. growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), transforming growth factor ß (TGF-ß) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)). This review focusses on the role of three of these growth factors, i.e. GH, IGFs and VEGF. A brief discussion of each system is followed by description of its expression in the normal kidney. Then, for each system, in vitro, experimental and clinical evidence addressing the role of the system in diabetic kidney disease is presented. The interplay of each system to other potential pathways will also be adressed. Finally, well-known and potential therapeutic strategies targeting the GH / IGF and VEGF systems in a specific or indirect way will discussed.
Keywords: growth factor, cytokine, mouse, rat, diabetic nephropathy
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: The Involvement of Growth Hormone (GH), Insulin-Like Growth Factors (IGFs) and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) in Diabetic Kidney Disease
Volume: 10 Issue: 27
Author(s): Allan Flyvbjerg, Dinah S. Khatir, Louise J.N. Jensen, Frederik Dagnæs-Hansen, Henning Gronbaek and Ruth Rasch
Affiliation:
Keywords: growth factor, cytokine, mouse, rat, diabetic nephropathy
Abstract: At present, diabetic kidney disease affects about 15-25 % of patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and 30-40 % of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Several decades of extensive research have elucidated various pathways to be implicated in the development of diabetic kidney disease. These include metabolic factors beyond blood glucose (e.g. advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs)), haemodynamic factors (e.g. the renin angiotensin system (RAS)), intracellular signaling molecule proteins (e.g. protein kinase C (PKC)) and growth factors / cytokines (e.g. growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), transforming growth factor ß (TGF-ß) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)). This review focusses on the role of three of these growth factors, i.e. GH, IGFs and VEGF. A brief discussion of each system is followed by description of its expression in the normal kidney. Then, for each system, in vitro, experimental and clinical evidence addressing the role of the system in diabetic kidney disease is presented. The interplay of each system to other potential pathways will also be adressed. Finally, well-known and potential therapeutic strategies targeting the GH / IGF and VEGF systems in a specific or indirect way will discussed.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Flyvbjerg Allan, Khatir S. Dinah, Jensen J.N. Louise, Dagnæs-Hansen Frederik, Gronbaek Henning and Rasch Ruth, The Involvement of Growth Hormone (GH), Insulin-Like Growth Factors (IGFs) and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) in Diabetic Kidney Disease, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2004; 10 (27) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612043383106
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612043383106 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Human Urotensin II Promotes Hypertension and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases
Current Medicinal Chemistry Improving Antihypertensive Agent Selection to Promote Nephroprotection
Current Hypertension Reviews Vascular Disease and Risk Factors in Chronic Kidney Disease
Vascular Disease Prevention (Discontinued) Therapeutic Potential of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) in Diabetes
Current Medicinal Chemistry Editorial: [Aliskiren/Amlodipine Single-Pill Combinations: More Evidence in Favour of Combination Formulations for the Treatment of Hypertension]
Current Vascular Pharmacology Anti-Inflammatory Actions of the Heme Oxygenase-1 Pathway
Current Pharmaceutical Design Molecular Dissection of Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion: Oxidative Stress and Cellular Events
Current Medicinal Chemistry Top Three Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine Applications at the Nexus of Renal Pathophysiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Current Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine Is Inflammation a Common Retinal-Renal-Nerve Pathogenic Link in Diabetes?
Current Diabetes Reviews CYP Epoxygenase Derived EETs: From Cardiovascular Protection to Human Cancer Therapy
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-induced Transcriptional Factor CHOP and Cardiovascular Diseases
Current Hypertension Reviews Olmesartan Reduces Pentosidine Production and Ameliorates Fragility of Bone in Ovariectomized Fructose-Fed Rats
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued) Endothelium as a Therapeutic Target in Diabetes Mellitus: From Basic Mechanisms to Clinical Practice
Current Medicinal Chemistry Advanced Glycation: Implications in Tissue Damage and Disease
Protein & Peptide Letters Wound-Associated Skin Fibrosis: Mechanisms and Treatments Based on Modulating the Inflammatory Response
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Effects of β-glucan from Aureobasidium pullulans in a Streptozotocininduced Rat Diabetes Model
Current Nutrition & Food Science Phosphoinositide-3-kinases as the Novel Therapeutic Targets for the Inflammatory Diseases: Current and Future Perspectives
Current Drug Targets The Impact of Bariatric Surgery in Patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus
Current Diabetes Reviews Diabetes Care: Risk Factors, Prediction, Prevention, and Individualized Treatment
Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets Novel Diagnostics R&D for Public Health and Personalized Medicine in Taiwan: Current State, Challenges and Opportunities
Current Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine