Abstract
It has long been accepted that high concentrations of glutamate can destroy neurons,and this is the basis of the theory of excitotoxicity during brain injury such as stroke.Glutamate N-methyl- D-aspartate (NMDA)receptor antagonists such as Selfotel,Aptiganel,Gavestinel and others failed to show neuroprotective efficacy in human clinical trials or produced intolerable central nervous system adverse effects.The failure of these agents has been attributed to poor studies in animal models and to poorly designed clinical trials.We also speculate that NMDA receptor anatagonism may have hindered endogenous mechanisms for neuronal survival and neuroregeneration.It remains to be proven in human stroke whether NMDA receptor antagonism can be neuroprotective.
Keywords: Ischemic Stroke, D-aspartate, glutamate, Aptiganel
Current Molecular Medicine
Title: The Rise and Fall of NMDA Antagonists for Ischemic Stroke
Volume: 4 Issue: 2
Author(s): L. Hoyte, P. A. Barber, A. M. Buchan and M. D. Hill
Affiliation:
Keywords: Ischemic Stroke, D-aspartate, glutamate, Aptiganel
Abstract: It has long been accepted that high concentrations of glutamate can destroy neurons,and this is the basis of the theory of excitotoxicity during brain injury such as stroke.Glutamate N-methyl- D-aspartate (NMDA)receptor antagonists such as Selfotel,Aptiganel,Gavestinel and others failed to show neuroprotective efficacy in human clinical trials or produced intolerable central nervous system adverse effects.The failure of these agents has been attributed to poor studies in animal models and to poorly designed clinical trials.We also speculate that NMDA receptor anatagonism may have hindered endogenous mechanisms for neuronal survival and neuroregeneration.It remains to be proven in human stroke whether NMDA receptor antagonism can be neuroprotective.
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Cite this article as:
Hoyte L., Barber A. P., Buchan M. A. and Hill D. M., The Rise and Fall of NMDA Antagonists for Ischemic Stroke, Current Molecular Medicine 2004; 4 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1566524043479248
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1566524043479248 |
Print ISSN 1566-5240 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5666 |
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