Abstract
Endothelin (ET)-mediated vasoconstriction has been implicated in the pathophysiology of various disorders, e.g. hypertension, chronic heart failure, acute renal failure, pulmonary hypertension, and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)-induced cerebral vasospasm. The potential involvement of ETs in cerebral vasospasm following SAH has triggered considerable interest in designing therapeutic strategies to inhibit biological effects of ET. Major approaches include: (a) reducing the levels of circulating ET- 1 by the the specific anti- ET- 1 antibodies, (b) antagonizing the ET receptors, and (c) suppressing the biosynthesis of ET- 1. To date, numerous antagonists of ETA and / or ETB receptors have been discovered, and some are under clinical evaluation. Inhibitors of endothelin-converting enzymes (ECEs), which catalyze the biosynthesis of ET-1, have also been synthesized. Two types of ECE-1 inhibitors have been evaluated in various animal disease models: dual ECE-1 / neutral endopeptidase 24.11 (NEP) inhibitors and selective ECE-1 inhibitors. In this article, the effects of ET receptor antagonists and ECE-1 inhibitors on the prevention and reversal of SAHinduced cerebral vasospasm in preclinical animal models are reviewed.
Keywords: endothelin, endothelin receptor antagonists, endothelin-converting enzyme inhibitors, subarachnoid hemorrhage, cerebral vasospasm
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Endothelin and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage-Induced Cerebral Vasospasm: Pathogenesis and Treatment
Volume: 11 Issue: 13
Author(s): Chih-Lung Lin, Arco Y. Jeng, Shen-Long Howng and Aij-Lie Kwan
Affiliation:
Keywords: endothelin, endothelin receptor antagonists, endothelin-converting enzyme inhibitors, subarachnoid hemorrhage, cerebral vasospasm
Abstract: Endothelin (ET)-mediated vasoconstriction has been implicated in the pathophysiology of various disorders, e.g. hypertension, chronic heart failure, acute renal failure, pulmonary hypertension, and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)-induced cerebral vasospasm. The potential involvement of ETs in cerebral vasospasm following SAH has triggered considerable interest in designing therapeutic strategies to inhibit biological effects of ET. Major approaches include: (a) reducing the levels of circulating ET- 1 by the the specific anti- ET- 1 antibodies, (b) antagonizing the ET receptors, and (c) suppressing the biosynthesis of ET- 1. To date, numerous antagonists of ETA and / or ETB receptors have been discovered, and some are under clinical evaluation. Inhibitors of endothelin-converting enzymes (ECEs), which catalyze the biosynthesis of ET-1, have also been synthesized. Two types of ECE-1 inhibitors have been evaluated in various animal disease models: dual ECE-1 / neutral endopeptidase 24.11 (NEP) inhibitors and selective ECE-1 inhibitors. In this article, the effects of ET receptor antagonists and ECE-1 inhibitors on the prevention and reversal of SAHinduced cerebral vasospasm in preclinical animal models are reviewed.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Lin Chih-Lung, Jeng Y. Arco, Howng Shen-Long and Kwan Aij-Lie, Endothelin and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage-Induced Cerebral Vasospasm: Pathogenesis and Treatment, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2004; 11 (13) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867043364919
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867043364919 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Approaches to the treatment of chronic inflammation
Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of numerous diseases, significantly impacting global health. Although chronic inflammation is a hot topic, not much has been written about approaches to its treatment. This thematic issue aims to showcase the latest advancements in chronic inflammation treatment and foster discussion on future directions in this ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Potential Anti-cancer Drugs Commonly Used for Other Indications
Current Cancer Drug Targets Ascorbic Acid: Its Role in Immune System and Chronic Inflammation Diseases
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry TGFb and its Smad Connection to Cancer
Current Genomics Potential Applications of Hydrogen Sulfide-Induced Suspended Animation
Current Medicinal Chemistry Long-Term Use of Short- and Long-Acting Nitrates in Stable Angina Pectoris
Current Clinical Pharmacology Tailored Angiogenesis Inhibition in Cancer Therapy: Respecting the Heart to Improve the Net Outcome
Current Signal Transduction Therapy The Potential Role of Pro-Inflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines in Epilepsy Pathogenesis
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) Derived from Different Cell Sources and their Potential for Regenerative and Personalized Medicine
Current Molecular Medicine IP6 in Cancer Therapy: Past, Present and Future
Current Cancer Therapy Reviews Emerging Roles of Meis1 in Cardiac Regeneration, Stem Cells and Cancer
Current Drug Targets Pharmacological Modulation of Nitric Oxide Release: New Pharmacological Perspectives, Potential Benefits and Risks
Current Medicinal Chemistry Editorial: Do Some Glucagon-Like-Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1 RA) Reduce Macrovascular Complications of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus? (A Commentary on the Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes: Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcome Results (LEADER) Trial)
Current Vascular Pharmacology Hyperglycemia and Diabetes Induced by Glucocorticoids in Nondiabetic and Diabetic Patients: Revision of Literature and Personal Considerations
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Stem Cell Based Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine: A Review Focusing on Adult Stem Cells
Current Tissue Engineering (Discontinued) Neuregulin Signaling in Pieces-Evolution of the Gene Family
Current Pharmaceutical Design The TWEAK-Fn14 System: Breaking the Silence of Cytokine-Induced Skeletal Muscle Wasting
Current Molecular Medicine Pharmacological Intervention of Cyclooxygenase-2 and 5-Lipoxygenase Pathways. Impact on Inflammation and Cancer
Current Pharmaceutical Design Basic Mechanisms in Atherosclerosis: The Role of Calcium
Medicinal Chemistry Rheumatoid Arthritis, Immunosenescence and the Hallmarks of Aging
Current Aging Science Anti-Atherosclerotic Molecules Targeting Oxidative Stress and Inflammation
Current Pharmaceutical Design