Abstract
Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules are up-regulated on endothelial cells in human allografts, and are thought to be involved in graft rejection. The MHC class II subtypes HLA-DR, DQ and DP regulate T cell dependent immune responses, and aberrant expression could be important in autoimmunity. Increased endothelial MHC class II expression has been demonstrated in several autoimmune diseases, including myocarditis with dilated cardiomyopathy, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Recent data suggest that there is an association between endothelial expression of MHC class II molecules and diffuse endothelial dysfunction, which may be part of the explanation of the increased risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with RA, SLE and other chronic inflammatory conditions. MHC class II transcription is in part genetically determined. Cytokine induced up-regulation of MHC class II molecules can be inhibited in vitro by antioxidants and different drugs, such as cyclosporin and statins. Research on the development of new treatments for systemic autoimmune diseases and cardiovascular disease should include evaluation of effects on endothelial activation, including MHC class II expression. This review also discusses the genetic basis of MHC class II expression and its implications for understanding MHC genotype associations with autoimmune diseases. Recent studies of interactions between endothelial cells and T cells are reviewed. Such interactions could be of major importance in the pathogenesis of autoimmune and vascular diseases.
Keywords: major histocompatibility complex class II, endothelial cells, endothelial activation
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: Endothelial Expression of MHC Class II Molecules in Autoimmune Disease
Volume: 10 Issue: 2
Author(s): Carl Turesson
Affiliation:
Keywords: major histocompatibility complex class II, endothelial cells, endothelial activation
Abstract: Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules are up-regulated on endothelial cells in human allografts, and are thought to be involved in graft rejection. The MHC class II subtypes HLA-DR, DQ and DP regulate T cell dependent immune responses, and aberrant expression could be important in autoimmunity. Increased endothelial MHC class II expression has been demonstrated in several autoimmune diseases, including myocarditis with dilated cardiomyopathy, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Recent data suggest that there is an association between endothelial expression of MHC class II molecules and diffuse endothelial dysfunction, which may be part of the explanation of the increased risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with RA, SLE and other chronic inflammatory conditions. MHC class II transcription is in part genetically determined. Cytokine induced up-regulation of MHC class II molecules can be inhibited in vitro by antioxidants and different drugs, such as cyclosporin and statins. Research on the development of new treatments for systemic autoimmune diseases and cardiovascular disease should include evaluation of effects on endothelial activation, including MHC class II expression. This review also discusses the genetic basis of MHC class II expression and its implications for understanding MHC genotype associations with autoimmune diseases. Recent studies of interactions between endothelial cells and T cells are reviewed. Such interactions could be of major importance in the pathogenesis of autoimmune and vascular diseases.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Turesson Carl, Endothelial Expression of MHC Class II Molecules in Autoimmune Disease, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2004; 10 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612043453414
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612043453414 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Biochemical Properties of Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase: From Structure to Optimized Design of Inhibitors
Current Medicinal Chemistry Does Oral Metoprolol have Any Effect on the Functional Parameters and Perfusion Defects of the Left Ventricle?
Current Medical Imaging Low Molecular Weight Heparins and Glomerular Filtration Rate: A Report to be Considered
Current Vascular Pharmacology Proinflammatory Gene Polymorphisms and Ischemic Stroke
Current Pharmaceutical Design Clinical and Pharmacological Aspects of Immunoprophylaxis for Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in High-Risk Infants
Current Drug Metabolism Puerarin: A Review on the Pharmacological Activity, Chemical Properties and Pharmacokinetics of Main Isoflavonoid
The Natural Products Journal Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress and Heart Failure ∼Novel Pathophysiological Insight and Treatment Strategies∼
Current Cardiology Reviews Current Indications for Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators in Non-Ischemic Cardiomyopathies and Channelopathies
Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials Editorial: Cocaine and Cerebral Small Vessel: Is it a Negative Factor for Intravenous Thrombolysis?
Current Vascular Pharmacology Insights into the Relationship Between Hypertension and Albuminuria
Current Hypertension Reviews Diagnosis and Prognosis of Fetal Cardiomyopathies: A Review
Current Pharmaceutical Design Glucocorticoids and the Cardiovascular System: State of the Art
Current Pharmaceutical Design Iodinated Contrast Media in Diagnostic Imaging: Cardiovascular Side Effects
Current Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine Outcome of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Multicentre Spanish Registry
Current Cardiology Reviews Diabetic Cardiomyopathy and its Prevention by Metallothionein: Experimental Evidence, Possible Mechanisms and Clinical Implications
Current Medicinal Chemistry Why is the Inhibition of the Renin-Angiotensin System Effective for Preventing Cardiac Events in Patients with Coronary Risk Factors or Coronary Artery Disease?
Current Cardiology Reviews Obstetric Anaesthesia and Obesity
Current Women`s Health Reviews Pulmonary Vasodilators in the Management of Low Cardiac Output Syndrome After Pediatric Cardiac Surgery
Current Vascular Pharmacology Role of Vascular Progenitor Cells in Cardiovascular Disease
Current Pharmaceutical Design Clinical Significance of the New Cardiovascular Risk Markers in Diabetes Mellitus
Current Diabetes Reviews